Shchukin Evgeniy Dmitrievich vip horoscope. Evgeniy Shukin

(1928-05-30 ) (91 years old) Academic title Professor
Academician of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the USSR
Academician of RAO

Evgeny Dmitrievich Shchukin(born May 30, 1928, Moscow) - Soviet and Russian scientist in the field of physical chemistry, doctor of physical and mathematical sciences, professor, Lenin Prize laureate, academician of the Russian Academy of Education (1993).

Biography

He took first place at the All-Moscow Mathematical Olympiad in 1945, and graduated from school the same year. He, the first in the USSR, was awarded a gold medal “For excellent success and exemplary behavior” and a certificate of maturity No. 000001. He might not have received the medal because of his origin, if not for the school director I.K. Novikov.

E. D. Shchukin performed experimental and theoretical research in the field of physical and colloidal chemistry of dispersed systems, surface phenomena and surfactants. He studied the mechanisms of action of surfactants at various interphase boundaries, obtaining and regulating the stability of dispersed systems (sols, gels, emulsions, foams, aerosols). Phenomena such as adhesion, sintering, hydration hardening, sol-gel transition, embrittlement under the influence of liquid metals, plasticization, wear, lubrication, etc., as well as their molecular mechanisms have been studied. A doctrine has been created about the interaction of particles and structure formation in dispersed systems, colloidal chemical methods have been developed for environmental protection. Academician E.D. Shchukin's areas of interest include the physicochemistry of surface phenomena in solids, the theory of dislocations, and the influence of a surface-active medium on the mechanical properties of materials, especially in thin near-surface layers. In addition, practical research applications have been carried out: increasing the strength and durability of catalysts, mineral binders and ceramics, processing high-hard materials, drilling hard rocks.

E. D. Shchukin continued and developed the work of P. A. Rebinder in a new field of science - physical and chemical mechanics, in the field of stability and spontaneous dispersion, studied the molecular mechanisms of action of surfactants, built a physical and chemical theory of structure formation and strength of dispersed structures . For the first time he carried out computer simulation of the “Rebinder effect”.

E. D. Shchukin created the general course “Colloidal Chemistry”, the special course “Physical and Chemical Mechanics of Dispersed Systems and Materials” and textbooks on these disciplines, and was the supervisor of more than 40 defended candidate dissertations.

In the field of pedagogical research, the works of E. D. Shchukin are devoted to the analysis of the role of interdisciplinary fields of science and their technical applications in the system of knowledge and the development of methods for their reflection in subjects of the natural and mathematical cycle.

Over the years, E.D. Shchukin was a member of the specialized councils of the Chemistry Faculty of Moscow State University, the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Metallurgy of the USSR Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Content and Teaching Methods of the Russian Academy of Education, a member of the National Committee of Russian Chemists, the Higher Attestation Commission of the USSR, a member of the editorial boards of the journals: “Colloid Journal ”, “Friction and wear”, “Physics at school”, “Physical and chemical mechanics of materials”, “Physics and chemistry of materials processing”, member of the editorial boards of international scientific journals “Journal of Materials Science”, “Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology” ", "Colloids and Surfaces", "Colloid & Interface Science", "Advances in the Mechanics and Physics of Surfaces", "Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie".

Awards and titles

On March 4, 1965, E. D. Shchukin was elected corresponding member of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the RSFSR, and from February 2, 1968 - corresponding member of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the USSR. On May 23, 1985, he was elected academician of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the USSR, and from April 7, 1993 - a full member of the Russian Academy of Education, department of general secondary education. E. D. Shchukin - academician of the Russian Academy of Engineering (since 1990), Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (since 1990), US National Academy of Engineering (since 1984), Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences(since 1988) .

In 1995, he was awarded the title of honorary professor at Moscow State University. In 1972 he was awarded the Lomonosov Prize of Moscow State University, in 1988 - the Lenin Prize for work in the field of physical and chemical mechanics, in 1998 - the P. A. Rebinder Prize of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In 1986 he was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor, in 2008 - the Gold Medal of the Russian Academy of Education.

Main scientific works

In total, E. D. Shchukin received 40 certificates for inventions and 2 diplomas for scientific discoveries, published more than 800 scientific papers, 12 books, including:

• IN AND. Likhtman, E.D. Shchukin, P. A. Rebinder. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL MECHANICS OF METALS. Ed. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow 1962, 304 pp. Translation into English: Israel Program for Scientific Translation, Jerusalem, 1964, 243 p.
• E.D. Shchukin, Z.M. Zanozina, L.A. Kochanova, V.I. Lichtman, P.A. Rebinder. On the possibility of obtaining finely dispersed structures in alloys by hardening their emulsions. DAN, I965, 160, No. 6, pp. 1355-1357.
• E.D. Schukin. On some problems of the physicochemical theory of strength of finely dispersed porous bodies - catalysts and sorbents. Kinetics and catalysis, 1965, 6, No. 4, pp. 641-650.
• P.A. Rehbinder, E.D. Shchukin. Surface phenomena in solids during deformation and fracture processes. Progress in Surface Science, Pergamon Press, Edit. S.G. Davison, Volume 3, Part 2, 1972, p.97-188.
• E.D. Schukin. Physico-chemical foundations of new methods for intensifying the processing of solids. Bulletin of the USSR Academy of Sciences, I973, No. 11, pp. 30-40.
• E.D. Schukin. Interdisciplinary connections and reflection of related fields of science in the disciplines of the natural and mathematical cycle. On Sat. Interdisciplinary connections in the process of teaching the basics of science in secondary school. Moscow, 1973, part II.
• IN AND. Savenko, E.D. Schukin. Interaction between dislocations in helical rays of rosettes of etching figures. Crystallography, 1977, 22, No. 4, pp. 792-796.
• E.D. Shchukin, V.S. Yushchenko. Molecular dynamics of wetting. Colloid. zh., 1977, 39, No. 2, pp. 331-333.
• E.D. Shchukin, V.S. Yushchenko. Molecular dynamics simulation of mechanical behavior. J. Material Science, 1981, 16, #2, p. 313-330.
• E.D. Shchukin, E.A. Amelina, V.V. Yaminsky. On the thermodynamic stability of disperse systems. DAN, 1981, 258, No. 2, pp. 419-423.
• E.D. Shchukin, A.V. Pertsov, E.A. Amelina. COLLOID CHEMISTRY. 9 editions: Moscow, Publishing house. Moscow State University, 1982; HIGH SCHOOL, 1992, 2004, 2006, 2007; YURAYT, 2012, 2013, 444 pp. Translations: into Spanish, Editorial Mir Moscow, 1988 and Czech, Academia Praha, 1990.
• V.V. Yaminsky, V.S. Yushchenko, E.A. Amelina, E.D. Shchukin. Cavity formation due to the contact between particles in a nonwetting liquid. J. Colloid and Interface Sci., 1983, 96, #2, p.301-306.
• E.D. Schukin. V.S. Yushchenko, T.P. Ponomareva. Quantum mechanical calculation of the elementary act of environmental influence on the strength of interatomic bonds. Colloid. zh., 1991, 53, No. 2, pp. 319-325.
• E.D.Shchukin, E.A.Amelina, S.I.Kontorovich. Formation of contacts between particles and development of internal stresses during hydration processes. In: Materials Sciences of Concrete, Vol. 3, ed. by J. Skalny, The American Ceramic Soc., Westerwille, OH, 1992, p. 1-35.
• E.D.Shchukin, S.I.Kontorovich, B.V.Romanovsky. Porous materials sintering under conditions of catalytic reactions. J. Materials Sci., 1993, 28, p.1937-1930.
• E.D. Schukin. Development of the teachings of P.A. Rebinder on the factors of strong stabilization of dispersed systems. Colloid. zh., 1997, 59, No. 2, pp. 270-284.
• E.D.Shchukin, V.N.Izmailova, M.M.Krasnov, A.N.Gurov, A.I.Bessonov, G.N.Afanas’eva. Effect of the active media on the creep of the eye sclera. Colloid J., 1997, 59, p.409-411.
• Eugene D. Shchukin, Alexandr V. Pertsov, Elena A. Amelina, Andrei S. Zelenev. COLLOID AND SURFACE CHEMISTRY. 2001, ELSEVIER, Amsterdam, 745 p.
• E.D.Shchukin. Surfactant effects on the cohesive strength of particle contacts: measurements by the cohesive force apparatus, J. Colloid Interface Science, 2002, 256, p.159-167.
• E.D.Shchukin, Conditions of spontaneous dispersion and formation of thermodynamically stable colloid systems. J. of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2004, 25, p.875-893.
• E.D.Shchukin, The influence of surface-active media on the mechanical properties of materials. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 2006, 123-126, p.33-47.
• E.D.Shchukin, A.I.Bessonov, S.I.Kontorovich, Z.M.Polukarova, L.N.Sokolova, E.A.Amelina, L.N.Burenkova, B.V.Romanovsky, Effects of adsorption-active media on the mechanical properties of catalysts and adsorbents. Colloids and Surfaces, 2006, 282-283, p.287-297.
• E.D.Shchukin, E.A.Amelina, A.M.Parfenova. Stability of fluorinated systems: Structure-mechanical barrier as a factor of strong stabilization. In: Highlights in Colloid Science, ed. by D. Platikanov and D. Exerova, Wiley-VCH, 2008, p.41-53.
• Eugene Shchukin. Physical–Chemical Mechanics of Solid Surfaces. Encyclopedia of Surface and Colloid Science, Second Edition. Taylor and Francis, New York, 2012, p.1-23.
• E.D.Shchukin. Nucleation and Crystal Growth in Cements. Encyclopedia of Colloid and Interface Science (ed. by T. Tadros), Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2013, p.783-817.
• E.D. Shchukin, V.I. Savenko, A.I. Malkin. LECTURES ON PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL MECHANICS. Ed. NOBEL PRESS, Moscow, 2015, 678 pp.
• Eugene D. Shchukin, Andrei S. Zelenev. PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL MECHANICS OF DISPERSE SYSTEMS AND MATERIALS. CRC Press, London - New York, 2016, 353 p.

The textbook outlines the main sections of modern colloidal chemistry - the science of the dispersed state of matter: the doctrine of surface phenomena, the properties of adsorption layers, the preparation and properties of dispersed systems, their stability and stabilization, structure formation in dispersed systems, their theoretical and experimental foundations and principles of practical application are given . Fundamental problems such as the mechanisms of action of surfactants, lyophilicity and spontaneous dispersion, and physicochemical mechanics are presented.

Corresponds to the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Professional Education of the third generation.
For students of universities and chemical-technological universities.

		6
Introduction		8
Chapter I. Interface and capillary phenomena		15
I.1. Thermodynamic characteristics of the surface in one-component systems		15
I.2. Surface energy and intermolecular interactions in single-component systems		25
I. 3. Interfaces between condensed phases in two-component systems		37
I.4. Wetting and spreading		43
I.5. Effect of surface curvature on phase equilibrium		55
I. 5.I. Laplace's law.		55
I. 5.2. Thomson (Kelvin) equation		61
I. 6. Methods for determining the surface tension of liquids and specific free surface energy of solids		63
Chapter II. Adsorption phenomena. Structure and properties of adsorption layers at the liquid-gas interface		72
II. 1. Fundamentals of the thermodynamics of adsorption. Gibbs equation		73
II.2. Adsorption of soluble surfactants		86
II.Z. Adsorption layers of insoluble surfactants		96
II. 4. Classification of surfactants and modern range of synthetic surfactants		111
Chapter III. Adsorption phenomena at interfaces between condensed phases. Electrosurface phenomena		121
III. 1. Adsorption of surfactants at interfaces between condensed phases		121
Sh.2. Application of surfactants to control wetting and selective wetting processes		132
III.3. Ion adsorption; structure of the electrical double layer		139
III.4. Ion exchange		154
III.5. Electrocapillary phenomena.		159
Chapter IV. Transfer processes in dispersed systems. Electrokinetic phenomena		162
IV. 1. General consideration of transport processes in dispersed systems		162
IV.2. General ideas about the nature of electrokinetic phenomena		168
IV. 3. Transfer processes in freely dispersed systems		174
IV.4. Features of transfer processes in cohesively dispersed systems (porous diaphragms and membranes)		182
TV 5 Influence of electrolytes on electrochemical phenomena		190
Chapter V. Molecular-kinetic and optical properties of disperse systems. Analysis of variance		195
V.I. Sedimentation and diffusion in dispersed systems		195
V.2. Brownian motion and fluctuations in the concentration of dispersed phase particles		201
V.3. Scattering of light by small particles (Rayleigh)		208
V.4. Optical properties of disperse systems with increasing particle size		213
V.5. Analysis of Variance Methods		218
V.5.I. Sedimentation analysis		222
V.5.2. Use of centrifuges and ultracentrifuges in analysis of variance		225
V.5.3. Nephelometry. Ultramicroscopy		228
V.5.4. Scattering of light by concentration fluctuations		229
Chapter VI. Formation of lyophilic and lyophobic disperse systems		233
VI.1 Lyophilic and lyophobic disperse systems		234
VI.2. Micelle formation in surfactant solutions		242
VI.2.1. Thermodynamics of micellization		245
V1.2.2. Concentrated dispersions of micelle-forming surfactants		251
VI.2.3. Micelle formation in non-aqueous media		253
VI.3. Solubilization in solutions of micelle-forming surfactants, formation of microemulsions		255
VI.4. Critical emulsions. Lyophilic colloidal systems in dispersions of high molecular weight compounds		262
VI.5. Condensation formation of lyophobic disperse systems		267
VI.5.1. Thermodynamic basis of homogeneous nucleation (according to Gibbs - Volmer)		267
VI.5.2. Heterogeneous formation of a new phase		273
VI.5.3. Kinetics of the emergence of nuclei of a new phase in a metastable system		277
VI.5.4. Growth rate of new phase particles		280
VI.6 Preparation of lyophobic disperse systems		284
Chapter VII. General reasons for the destruction and relative stability of antiphobic disperse systems		291
VII. 1. Sedimentation and aggregation stability of disperse systems. The role of thermal motion		292
VII.2. Thin films		297
VII.3. Molecular interactions in dispersed systems		303
VII.4. Factors for stabilizing dispersed systems		311
VII.5. Electrostatic component of disjoining pressure and its role in the stability of dispersed systems. Basics of DLFO theory		316
VII.6. Structural-mechanical barrier		325
VII.7. Coagulation kinetics		328
VII.8. Effect of isothermal distillation on reducing dispersion		334
Chapter VIII. Features of the structure, stability and destruction of dispersed systems of various natures		339
VIII. 1. Aerosols		339
V1II.2. Foams and foam films		347
VIII.3. Emulsions and emulsion films		354
VIII.4. Suspensions and sols		364
V1II.5. Coagulation of hydrophobic sols with electrolytes		368
VIII.6. Cleaning action. Microencapsulation		372
VIII.7. Systems with solid dispersion media		375
Chapter IX. Fundamentals of physical and chemical mechanics		377
IX.1. Methods for describing mechanical properties. Basics of rheology		379
IX.2. Structure formation in disperse systems		388
IX.3. Rheological properties of disperse systems		401
IX.4. Physico-chemical phenomena in the processes of deformation and destruction of solids. Rebinder effect		410
1X.4.1. Influence of the chemical nature of the solid and the environment on the manifestation of adsorption reduction in strength		412
IX.4.2. The role of the real structure of a solid and external conditions in the manifestation of adsorption effects influence of the environment on the mechanical properties of solids		418
IX.4.3. Applications of the Rebinder effect		423
Conclusion		427
Literature		433
Subject index		434

Dedicated to blessed memory
our teacher
Peter Alexandrovich Rebinder

Preface

The book reflects the main sections of modern colloidal chemistry - a large independent field of chemical science that studies the dispersed state of matter and surface phenomena in dispersed systems. It summarizes the long-term experience of pedagogical, methodological and scientific work of the team of the Department of Colloid Chemistry of the Faculty of Chemistry of Moscow State University. M. V. Lomonosov.

The development of colloid chemistry and its teaching at Moscow University is inextricably linked with the activities of Academician Pyotr Aleksandrovich Rebinder (1898-1972), who for 30 years headed the department of colloid chemistry and laid the foundations for the modern course of this science. In 1973-1994. The department was headed by Academician of the Russian Academy of Education E.D. Shchukin, whose lecture notes formed the source material for this book, in 1994-2005. - Professor B. D. Summ, and since 2006 the department has been headed by Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences V. G. Kulichikhin.

In the fourth and fifth editions of the textbook, the necessary adjustments and corrections were made in comparison with the previous substantially revised edition of 2004, taking into account the entire 20 years of experience in using the textbook for teaching colloidal chemistry at Moscow State University and other universities in the CIS and abroad. The first edition was translated into Spanish (1988 "The World") and Czech (1990 "Akademia" Praha) languages, the second - into English (2001 Elsevier).

The authors sought to combine the depth and rigor of the presentation of the basic material with its sufficient accessibility for students with different levels of training. Material of an increased degree of complexity, containing details of the conclusions, and material intended for a more in-depth study of the subject, are given by petite.

The proposed textbook is designed primarily for students of chemical departments of universities. It can serve as a manual for students of other university faculties and for students of other universities in which colloid chemistry is studied as an independent subject. The book can also be used by a wide range of scientists and graduate students, engineers and technologists involved in various fields of science and production related to the use of dispersed systems and surface phenomena.

The authors tried to take into account as much as possible the wishes expressed by the teachers of the Department of Colloid Chemistry, the head of the department, the leadership of the faculty, colleagues in other educational institutions and research centers, as well as participants in the session of the Council on Colloid Chemistry and Physical and Chemical Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, dedicated to the problems of colloid chemical education (Moscow , 2001). Many specific recommendations were proposed by V. N. Izmailova, N. M. Zadymova, N. I. Ivanova, S. M. Levachev, L. I. Lopatina, V. N. Matveenko, V. V. Pelekh , A. V. Sineva, 3. N. Skvortsova, O. A. Soboleva, B. D. Summ, V. Yu. Traskin. Significant comments were made in the reviews of teams of teachers from the departments of colloid chemistry of St. Petersburg University (head of the department, academician A. I. Rusanov) and Moscow Chemical-Technological University. D. I. Mendeleev (head of department, professor V. V. Nazarov). These tips and wishes were met with sincere gratitude.

With heartfelt gratitude and the most tender feelings, I turn to my dear students, friends, assistants - as if they were with me now - to Sasha Pertsov and Lenochka Amelina.

Born in Moscow in the family of a priest, repressed in the 1930s, and a teacher. In 1941-1943 - in evacuation in the Gorky region. In 1943-1944 he worked and studied, and in 1945 he returned to the 10th grade of Moscow secondary school No. 110, passing the exams as an external student. He took first place at the All-Moscow Mathematical Olympiad in 1945, and graduated from school the same year. He, the first in the USSR, was awarded a gold medal “For excellent achievements and exemplary behavior” and a certificate of maturity No. 000001.

He might not have received a medal because of his origin if it had not been for the school director I.K. Novikov. In 1950 he graduated with honors from the Faculty of Physics of Moscow State University with a degree in physics. In 1951-1956 he served as an officer in the Soviet Army. From September 1953 he taught radar at the military department of Moscow State University, then colloid chemistry. In 1973-1994 - head of the department of colloid chemistry at Moscow State University.

At the same time, from 1956 he worked at the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the USSR Academy of Sciences (now the Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry named after A.N. Frumkin), and from 1967 he headed the laboratory of physical and chemical mechanics there. In 1958 he defended his dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (supervisors: P. A. Rebinder, V. N. Rozhansky) at the Institute of Physical Chemistry, in 1962 - at Moscow State University for the degree of Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences.

Since 1994, E.D. Shchukin has lived in Baltimore, teaching courses in colloid chemistry and physical and chemical mechanics at Johns Hopkins University. At the same time, he remains a professor at the Department of Colloid Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow State University.

By 1964, E.D. Shchukin created a theory of the strength of dispersed porous structures, and developed methods for increasing the durability of industrial catalysts and sorbents. In 1969-1975, methods for using surfactants to stabilize sols, emulsions and foams were developed. In 1990 he discovered catalytic acceleration of powder sintering. E. D. Shchukin performed experimental and theoretical research in the field of physical and colloidal chemistry of dispersed systems, surface phenomena and surfactants.

He studied the mechanisms of action of surfactants at various interphase boundaries, obtaining and regulating the stability of dispersed systems (sols, gels, emulsions, foams, aerosols). Phenomena such as adhesion, sintering, hydration hardening, sol-gel transition, embrittlement under the influence of liquid metals, wear, lubrication, etc., as well as their molecular mechanisms have been studied. A doctrine has been created about the interaction of particles and structure formation in dispersed systems, colloidal chemical methods have been developed for environmental protection. Academician E.D. Shchukin's areas of interest include the physicochemistry of surface phenomena in solids, the theory of dislocations, and the influence of a surface-active medium on the mechanical properties of materials, especially in thin near-surface layers. In addition, practical applications of research have been carried out: increasing the strength and durability of catalysts, mineral binders and ceramics, processing high-hard materials, drilling hard rocks.

E. D. Shchukin continued and developed the work of P. A. Rebinder in the field of stability and spontaneous dispersion, studied the molecular mechanisms of action of surfactants, and built a physicochemical theory of structure formation and strength of dispersed structures. For the first time he carried out computer simulation of the “Rehbinder effect”. E.D. Shchukin created the general course “Colloidal Chemistry”, a special course “Physical and Chemical Mechanics of Dispersed Systems and Materials”, and was the supervisor of more than 40 defended candidate dissertations. In the field of pedagogical research, the works of E. D. Shchukin are devoted to the significance of interdisciplinary fields of science and their technical applications in the system of knowledge and the development of methods for their reflection in subjects of the natural and mathematical cycle.

Over the years, E.D. Shchukin was a member of the specialized councils of the Chemistry Faculty of Moscow State University, the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Metallurgy of the USSR Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Content and Teaching Methods of the Russian Academy of Education, a member of the National Committee of Russian Chemists, the Higher Attestation Commission of the USSR, a member of the editorial boards of the journals: “Colloid Journal ", "Friction and wear", "Physics at school", "Physical and chemical mechanics of materials", "Physics and chemistry of materials processing". Currently he is a member of the editorial boards of international scientific journals “Journal of Materials Science”, “Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology”, “Colloids and Surfaces”, “Colloid & Interface Science”, “Advances in the Mechanics and Physics of Surfaces”, "Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie"

Evgeny Dmitrievich Shchukin(born May 30, 1928, Moscow) - Soviet scientist in the field of physical chemistry, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, professor, Lenin Prize laureate, academician.

Biography

He took first place at the All-Moscow Mathematical Olympiad in 1945, and graduated from school the same year. He, the first in the USSR, was awarded a gold medal “For excellent achievements and exemplary behavior” and a certificate of maturity No. 000001. He might not have received a medal because of his origin, if not for the school director I.K. Novikov.

Scientific activity

E. D. Shchukin carried out experimental and theoretical research in the field of physical and colloidal chemistry of dispersed systems, surface phenomena and surfactants. He studied the mechanisms of action of surfactants at various interphase boundaries, obtaining and regulating the stability of dispersed systems (sols, gels, emulsions, foams, aerosols). Phenomena such as adhesion, sintering, hydration hardening, sol-gel transition, embrittlement under the influence of liquid metals, wear, lubrication, etc., as well as their molecular mechanisms have been studied. A doctrine has been created about the interaction of particles and structure formation in dispersed systems, colloidal chemical methods have been developed for environmental protection. Academician E.D. Shchukin's areas of interest include the physicochemistry of surface phenomena in solids, the theory of dislocations, and the influence of a surface-active medium on the mechanical properties of materials, especially in thin near-surface layers. In addition, practical research applications have been carried out: increasing the strength and durability of catalysts, mineral binders and ceramics, processing high-hard materials, drilling hard rocks.

E. D. Shchukin continued and developed the work of P. A. Rebinder in the field of stability and spontaneous dispersion, studied the molecular mechanisms of action of surfactants, and built a physical and chemical theory of structure formation and strength of dispersed structures. For the first time he carried out computer simulation of the “Rehbinder effect”.

E. D. Shchukin created the general course “Colloidal Chemistry”, a special course “Physical and Chemical Mechanics of Dispersed Systems and Materials”, and was the supervisor of more than 40 defended candidate dissertations.

In the field of pedagogical research, the works of E. D. Shchukin are devoted to the significance of interdisciplinary fields of science and their technical applications in the system of knowledge and the development of methods for their reflection in subjects of the natural and mathematical cycle.

Over the years, E.D. Shchukin was a member of the specialized councils of the Chemistry Faculty of Moscow State University, the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Metallurgy of the USSR Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Content and Teaching Methods of the Russian Academy of Education, a member of the National Committee of Russian Chemists, the Higher Attestation Commission of the USSR, a member of the editorial boards of the journals: “Colloid Journal ", "Friction and wear", "Physics at school", "Physical and chemical mechanics of materials", "Physics and chemistry of materials processing". Currently he is a member of the editorial boards of international scientific journals “Journal of Materials Science”, “Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology”, “Colloids and Surfaces”, “Colloid & Interface Science”, “Advances in the Mechanics and Physics of Surfaces”, "Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie".

Awards and titles

On March 4, 1965, E. D. Shchukin was elected corresponding member of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the RSFSR, and from February 2, 1968 - corresponding member of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the USSR. On May 23, 1985, he was elected academician of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the USSR, and from April 7, 1993 - full member of the Russian Academy of Education, department of general secondary education. E. D. Shchukin - academician of the Russian Academy of Engineering (since 1990), Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (since 1990), US National Academy of Engineering (since 1984), Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences(since 1988) .

In 1995, he was awarded the title of honorary professor at Moscow State University. In 1972 he was awarded the Lomonosov Prize of Moscow State University, in 1988 - the Lenin Prize for work in the field of physical and chemical mechanics, in 1988 - the P. A. Rebinder Prize. In 1986 he was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor.

Main scientific works

In total, E. D. Shchukin received 40 certificates for inventions and 2 diplomas for scientific discoveries, published more than 600 scientific papers, 5 books, including:

• Likhtman V.I., Shchukin E.D., Rebinder P.A. Physico-chemical mechanics of metals. M.:AS USSR, 1962.
• Pertsev N.V., Traskin V.Yu., Skvortsova Z.N., Shchukin E.D. Destruction of ionic crystals in the presence of solutions and molten salts // In the collection. “Physical chemistry of surface phenomena in melts” //ed. V. N. Evremko. M.: 1971, - 295 p.
• Shchukin E. D., Bessonov A. I., Paransky S. A. Mechanical testing of catalysts and sorbents. M.: Nauka, 1971. - 56 p.
• Shchukin E. D. Connections of natural sciences and production in subjects of the natural and mathematical cycle, SP, 1975, No. 3
• Shchukin E. D. Physico-chemical mechanics. article in TSB.
• Yaminsky V.V., Pchelin V.A., Amelina E.A., Shchukin E.D. Coagulation contacts in dispersed systems. M.: Nauka, 1982. - 311 p.
• Shchukin E. D., Bryukhanova L. S., Pertsov N. V. The influence of surface-active media on the mechanical properties of solids // In the yearbook “Physical Chemistry. Modern problems". Ed. acad. Ya. M. Kolotyrkina. - M.: Chemistry, 1983. p. 46-74.
• Shchukin E. D. Reciprocity of processes of rupture and rearrangement of interatomic bonds in the solid phase and molecules of the medium during catalysis // In the collection. Mechanism of catalysis. Part 2. - Novosibirsk: Science, 1984.
• Shchukin E. D. Reserves for improving natural science education, SP, 1985, No. 2
• Surface films of water in dispersed structures / Ed. E. D. Shchukina.-M.: Moscow State University Publishing House, 1988.- 279p.-ISSN 5-211-O0112-5.
• Colloidal chemistry: Textbook for chemical specialties of universities and universities, 2nd ed. / E. D. Shchukin, A. V. Pertsov, E. A. Amelina. - M.: Higher School, 1992. - 410 p.
• Shishkovsky G. K., Shchukin E. D., Grinberg A. A. Installation for measuring the physical and chemical parameters of dispersed systems. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2025709 dated May 5, 1991, cl. G01N11.
• Colloidal chemistry: Textbook for universities and chemical-technological universities / E. D. Shchukin, A. V. Pertsov, E. A. Amelina. - 5th edition, revised - M.: Higher School, 2007. - 444 p.: ill. - ISBN 978-5-06-005900-7
• Shchukin, E.D., Pertsov, A.V., Amelina E.A. and Zelenev, A.S. Colloid and Surface Chemistry. 1st ed. Mobius D. and Miller R. Vol. 12. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science B.V. (2001)
• Shchukin, E.D. "The role of contact interactions in the rheological behavior of a fibrous suspension." Colloid J. vol.63. (2001). pp. 855–858.
• Shchukin, E.D. "Surfactants effects on the cohesive strength of particle contacts: measurements by the cohesive force apparatus." J. Colloid Interface Sci. vol.256. (2002). pp. 159–167.
• Shchukin, E.D., Amelina, E.A. “Surface modification and contact interaction of particles.” J. Dispersion Sci. Technology. vol.24. (2003). pp. 377–395.
• Shchukin E.D. and others. Physico-chemical mechanics of particle-porous catalysts in active media // In collection. “Physico-chemical mechanics of materials”, v. 39, No. 3 (grass - worm). Lviv: Physico-Mechanical Institute named after. G. V. Karpenka, 2003.

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Excerpt characterizing Shchukin, Evgeniy Dmitrievich

It was about eleven o'clock in the morning. The sun stood somewhat to the left and behind Pierre and brightly illuminated through the clean, rare air the huge panorama that opened up before him like an amphitheater across the rising terrain.
Up and to the left along this amphitheater, cutting it, wound the great Smolensk road, passing through a village with a white church, which lay five hundred steps in front of the mound and below it (this was Borodino). The road crossed under the village across a bridge and, through ups and downs, wound higher and higher to the village of Valuev, visible six miles away (Napoleon was now standing there). Beyond Valuev, the road disappeared into a yellowing forest on the horizon. In this birch and spruce forest, to the right of the direction of the road, the distant cross and bell tower of the Kolotsk Monastery glittered in the sun. All along this blue distance, to the right and left of the forest and the road, in different places one could see smoking fires and indefinite masses of our and enemy’s troops. To the right, along the flow of the Kolocha and Moskva rivers, the area was gorged and mountainous. Between their gorges the villages of Bezzubovo and Zakharyino could be seen in the distance. To the left, the terrain was more level, there were fields with grain, and one smoking, burnt village could be seen - Semenovskaya.
Everything that Pierre saw to the right and to the left was so vague that neither the left nor the right side of the field completely satisfied his idea. Everywhere there was not the battle that he expected to see, but fields, clearings, troops, forests, smoke from fires, villages, mounds, streams; and no matter how much Pierre tried, he could not find a position in this lively area and could not even distinguish your troops from the enemy.
“We need to ask someone who knows,” he thought and turned to the officer, who was looking with curiosity at his huge non-military figure.
“Let me ask,” Pierre turned to the officer, “what village is ahead?”
- Burdino or what? - said the officer, turning to his comrade with a question.
“Borodino,” the other answered, correcting him.
The officer, apparently pleased with the opportunity to talk, moved towards Pierre.
- Are ours there? asked Pierre.
“Yes, and the French are further away,” said the officer. - There they are, visible.
- Where? Where? asked Pierre.
- You can see it with the naked eye. Yes, here you go! “The officer pointed to the smoke visible to the left across the river, and his face showed that stern and serious expression that Pierre had seen on many faces he met.
- Oh, it's the French! And there?.. - Pierre pointed to the left at the mound, near which troops could be seen.
- These are ours.
- Oh, ours! And there?.. - Pierre pointed to another distant mound with a large tree, near a village visible in the gorge, where fires were also smoking and something was black.
“It’s him again,” said the officer. (This was the Shevardinsky redoubt.) - Yesterday it was ours, and now it’s his.
– So what is our position?
- Position? - said the officer with a smile of pleasure. “I can tell you this clearly, because I built almost all of our fortifications.” You see, our center is in Borodino, right here. “He pointed to a village with a white church in front. - There is a crossing over Kolocha. Here, you see, where the rows of mown hay still lie in the low place, here is the bridge. This is our center. Our right flank is here (he pointed sharply to the right, far into the gorge), there is the Moscow River, and there we built three very strong redoubts. Left flank... - and then the officer stopped. - You see, it’s difficult to explain to you... Yesterday our left flank was right there, in Shevardin, you see, where the oak is; and now we have carried the left wing back, now there, there - see the village and the smoke? “This is Semenovskoye, right here,” he pointed to the Raevsky mound. “But it’s unlikely there will be a battle here.” That he transferred troops here is a deception; he will probably go around to the right of Moscow. Well, no matter where it is, many will be missing tomorrow! - said the officer.
The old non-commissioned officer, who approached the officer during his story, silently awaited the end of his superior’s speech; but at this point he, obviously dissatisfied with the officer’s words, interrupted him.
“You have to go for the tours,” he said sternly.
The officer seemed embarrassed, as if he realized that he could think about how many people would be missing tomorrow, but he shouldn’t talk about it.
“Well, yes, send the third company again,” the officer said hastily.
- Who are you, not a doctor?
“No, I am,” answered Pierre. And Pierre went downhill again past the militia.
- Oh, damned ones! - said the officer following him, holding his nose and running past the workers.
“There they are!.. They’re carrying, they’re coming... There they are... they’re coming in now...” suddenly voices were heard, and officers, soldiers and militiamen ran forward along the road.
A church procession rose from under the mountain from Borodino. Ahead of everyone, infantry marched orderly along the dusty road with their shakos removed and guns lowered downwards. Church singing could be heard behind the infantry.
Overtaking Pierre, soldiers and militiamen ran without hats towards the marchers.
- They are carrying Mother! Intercessor!.. Iverskaya!..
“Mother of Smolensk,” corrected another.
The militia - both those who were in the village and those who worked at the battery - threw down their shovels and ran towards the church procession. Behind the battalion, walking along a dusty road, were priests in robes, one old man in a hood with a clergyman and a chanter. Behind them, soldiers and officers carried a large icon with a black face in the setting. It was an icon taken from Smolensk and from that time carried with the army. Behind the icon, around it, in front of it, from all sides, crowds of military men walked, ran and bowed to the ground with their heads naked.
Having ascended the mountain, the icon stopped; The people holding the icon on the towels changed, the sextons lit the censer again, and the prayer service began. The hot rays of the sun beat vertically from above; a weak, fresh breeze played with the hair of open heads and the ribbons with which the icon was decorated; singing was heard softly in the open air. A huge crowd of officers, soldiers, and militiamen with their heads open surrounded the icon. Behind the priest and sexton, in a cleared area, stood the officials. One bald general with George around his neck stood right behind the priest and, without crossing himself (obviously, he was a man), patiently waited for the end of the prayer service, which he considered necessary to listen to, probably to arouse the patriotism of the Russian people. Another general stood in a militant pose and shook his hand in front of his chest, looking around him. Among this circle of officials, Pierre, standing in the crowd of men, recognized some acquaintances; but he did not look at them: all his attention was absorbed by the serious expression of faces in this crowd of soldiers and soldiers, monotonously greedily looking at the icon. As soon as the tired sextons (singing the twentieth prayer service) began to lazily and habitually sing: “Save your servants from troubles, Mother of God,” and the priest and deacon picked up: “As we all resort to you for God’s sake, as for an indestructible wall and intercession,” - to everyone the same expression of consciousness of the solemnity of the coming moment, which he saw under the mountain in Mozhaisk and in fits and starts on many, many faces he met that morning, flared up on their faces again; and more often heads were lowered, hair was shaken, and sighs and the blows of crosses on chests were heard.
The crowd surrounding the icon suddenly opened up and pressed Pierre. Someone, probably a very important person, judging by the haste with which they shunned him, approached the icon.
It was Kutuzov, driving around the position. He, returning to Tatarinova, approached the prayer service. Pierre immediately recognized Kutuzov by his special figure, different from everyone else.
In a long frock coat on a huge thick body, with a stooped back, an open white head and a leaky white eye on his swollen face, Kutuzov entered the circle with his diving, swaying gait and stopped behind the priest. He crossed himself with the usual gesture, reached his hand to the ground and, sighing heavily, lowered his gray head. Behind Kutuzov was Bennigsen and his retinue. Despite the presence of the commander-in-chief, who attracted the attention of all the highest ranks, the militia and soldiers continued to pray without looking at him.
When the prayer service ended, Kutuzov went up to the icon, fell heavily on his knees, bowing to the ground, and tried for a long time and could not get up from heaviness and weakness. His gray head twitched with effort. Finally, he stood up and, with a childishly naive stretching of his lips, kissed the icon and bowed again, touching the ground with his hand. The generals followed his example; then the officers, and behind them, crushing each other, trampling, puffing and pushing, with excited faces, soldiers and militia climbed.

Swaying from the crush that gripped him, Pierre looked around him.
- Count, Pyotr Kirilych! How are you here? - said someone's voice. Pierre looked around.
Boris Drubetskoy, cleaning his knees with his hand, which he had soiled (probably also kissing the icon), approached Pierre with a smile. Boris was dressed elegantly, with a touch of camp militancy. He was wearing a long frock coat and a whip over his shoulder, just like Kutuzov.
Meanwhile, Kutuzov approached the village and sat down in the shade of the nearest house on a bench, which one Cossack ran and quickly covered with a rug. A huge brilliant retinue surrounded the commander-in-chief.
The icon moved on, followed by the crowd. Pierre stopped about thirty paces from Kutuzov, talking to Boris.
Pierre explained his intention to participate in the battle and inspect the position.
“Here’s how to do it,” said Boris. – Je vous ferai les honneurs du camp. [I will treat you to the camp.] You will best see everything from where Count Bennigsen will be. I'm with him. I'll report to him. And if you want to go around the position, then come with us: we are now going to the left flank. And then we’ll come back, and you’re welcome to spend the night with me, and we’ll form a party. You know Dmitry Sergeich, right? He’s standing here,” he pointed to the third house in Gorki.
“But I would like to see the right flank; they say he is very strong,” said Pierre. – I would like to drive from the Moscow River and the entire position.
- Well, you can do that later, but the main one is the left flank...
- Yes Yes. Can you tell me where Prince Bolkonsky’s regiment is? asked Pierre.
- Andrey Nikolaevich? We'll pass by, I'll take you to him.
- What about the left flank? asked Pierre.
“To tell you the truth, entre nous, [between us], God knows what position our left flank is in,” said Boris, trustingly lowering his voice, “Count Bennigsen did not expect it at all.” He intended to strengthen that mound over there, not at all like that... but,” Boris shrugged. – His Serene Highness didn’t want to, or they told him to. After all... - And Boris did not finish, because at that time Kaysarov, Kutuzov’s adjutant, approached Pierre. - A! Paisiy Sergeich,” said Boris, turning to Kaisarov with a free smile, “But I’m trying to explain the position to the count.” It’s amazing how His Serene Highness could so correctly guess the intentions of the French!

The textbook outlines the main sections of modern colloidal chemistry - the science of the dispersed state of matter: the doctrine of surface phenomena, the properties of adsorption layers, the preparation and properties of dispersed systems, their stability and stabilization, structure formation in dispersed systems, their theoretical and experimental foundations and principles of practical application are given .

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