There were cases. Six noble fellows. Without them, it was impossible for people to understand each other, and they would have quarreled from misunderstanding. Imagine, if everyone calls indeclinable words, they will lose their meaning, turning into nonsense. These magic words are also friends with prepositions. They guide the words and let them make sense in the letter engine called a sentence.
The first case is Nominative, that is, it gives the word a name, just like every child has its own name too. For example, a spoon. The object we eat with is called a spoon. The prickly creature is called the hedgehog. A name can have both a living being and a non-living, non-animate one. Answers the question Who? What? The nominative case is older than all his brothers and does not have a single preposition, he distributed them all to the rest of the brothers, who will have to choose them correctly.
Genitive. This is how he was born. Answers the questions Who, What? You can apply the negation "no" to it. For example, there is no spoon. The tin woodcutter has no heart. There is nothing? No heart. Remember, he went to the emerald city to ask the wizard for a heart. It is friends with the prepositions "from", "without", "c", "to", "y", "about" and "for". For example, you can not do without a spoon, I wish you happiness from the bottom of my heart.
Dative. Very generous, gives gifts to everyone. It comes from the word "give". Answers the question Who, What? Friendly with the prepositions "to" and "to". For example, to give to tea, on a spoon. Give to what? For tea. When we write letters to friends, we see that the word "to" is written on the envelope. This necessary case occurs here. We indicate the last name and first name of a friend, for example Ivanov Maxim in the dative case. Also do not forget to write the address "to". True, they have not yet come up with the Departure case for him, maybe they will still invent it.
The next case is Accusative. He's not blaming anyone, he's just called that. Answers the question Who? What? You can apply the verb "see" to it. I see a spoon. See what? Spoon. I see a girl. I see who? Girl. Can be friends with the prepositions "about", "through", "for". For example, I'll tell you about the spoon. In the past, when there were no spoons, people ate with their hands. Pieces of vegetables and meat were removed from the bowl with the right hand. The first spoons appeared in the 14th century, they were made from shells, fish bones and wood. Most of the spoons were wooden, but Prince Vladimir ordered that silver spoons be made. And even at first, when they came to visit, they carried spoons with them.
Instrumental case. He is called the creator and the proud. You can apply the verb "Proud" to it. Answers the questions Who? How? I'm proud of my spoon. Proud of what? With your spoon. It is friends with the prepositions "before", "under" and above. For example, put a fork in front of a spoon or the sun has set over the forest. Above what? Over the forest. Each of us, probably, would like to see the sunset. That's very beautiful.
Prepositional. Dreamy youth. The youngest among his brothers. Answers questions about whom? About what? You can apply the verb "dream" to it. For example, he dreams of a silver spoon. About what? About the spoon. This case already has its one and only preposition "O", from which it is not separated, as we are with clothes.
One day the cases got together and came up with truths from their names. There is nothing wiser than the truth!
Have true friends, do not blame the offenders, respect your parents, give gifts even on invented holidays, always do kindness, dream about the future.
Tale about cases
In one unfamiliar city, nameless little men lived - cases. They were very similar to each other in that they often asked questions. And everyone who came to that city confused them.
And then one day they decided to get together and talk about how to live on ...
- There is some difference in us! - said the first case. - Let's think... Who will say first?
- What is there to say? - said the second case. - And so everything is clear.
- What exactly do you understand? asked the fourth.
- And what are you thinking about? exclaimed the sixth.
- Not about what, but what? corrected the fifth.
Why all this controversy? a third responded. “That way, we’ll just all quarrel. Have you noticed friends that each of us constantly asks the same question?
- And the truth - said the first case. I so love to ask questions especially to the names of people WHO? Ira, WHO? Sasha, what else? machine WHAT? book.
- So let's call it NOMINATIVE, - suggested the sixth case.
And why was he given a name in the first place? - offended by the second case. – Who first came up with the idea to name everyone here?
- Well, since you had this idea, then you call yourself PARENT. And take your questions WHO? WHAT?
- Yes, the Nominative was given a name and the Genitive was also given a name ... and what do they teach you only at school? - the third case was offended.
"Don't be offended," the sixth case reassured him. - We will give it to you too, you will be DATIVE with us, and your questions will be TO WHOM? WHAT?
The Dative case was delighted and immediately shouted:
- Who else has a name?
- WHOM? WHAT? - the fourth case was suddenly frightened. He had no questions of his own, and he preferred to remain silent, because he considered himself guilty.
- Why are you screaming like that? - outraged Genitive case. - Assigned to himself other people's questions, and even indignant ... You will be ACCUSATIVE with us, so that others would be disrespectful.
- And WHAT do you reproach a person with? - the fifth case was indignant. Everything has to be creative.
- What is the dispute friends? - said the sixth case. - Create for health and be called CREATIVE.
All five cases were happy with their new names, and only the sixth case was sad, because it was he who offered his friends their new names, but he himself was left with nothing.
- I have an idea! - shouted Genitive. - We must give the sixth a name.
- Not a name, but a name, corrected Nominative.
- You need to get creative with this! - said the Creator.
And the Accusative case said: - Let it be called PROPOSITIONAL, because he suggested our names.
- What are you talking about, friends? the Prepositional case asked quietly.
- Not ABOUT WHAT, but ABOUT WHOM? - five cases answered him in unison.
The story of the falls.
In the country of knowledge, in the kingdom of the Russian language, the king ruled - Noun and queen Adjective.
Once, the queen gave birth to six sons - cases. The first son was named Nominative, the second - Genitive, the third - Dative, the fourth - Accusative, the fifth - Instrumental and the sixth - Prepositional.
Each had his own abilities: The nominative case was brave, fought well and knew how to stand up for the honor of his name. The genitive case wrote books, composed poems. Many excellent works were born under his pen. The dative was an excellent cook, he distributed his delicious dishes to everyone and was known as an excellent cook. The accusative case, accused everyone around except the king and queen, so he was appointed chief prosecutor to blame the criminals. The creative became a builder, he built houses and castles, his creations adorned the whole country, and the Prepositional case offered everyone some interesting ideas and helped everyone with advice.
One fine day, a messenger rode up to the king and queen with a letter from the neighboring kingdom from the king of Arithmetic and the queen of Geometry, that they had a beautiful marriageable daughter, but she was completely homesick, and they did not know what to do. Therefore, they decided - whoever inspires her with his talents will take her as his wife.
And the case brothers went to the neighboring kingdom to win the heart of the beautiful princess. On the occasion of their arrival, a big celebration was held in the central square. All the residents gathered, many guests arrived. And the brothers took turns surprising with their talents. The nominative began to talk about his exploits and the honor of his name, and his battles and victories. He was so carried away by himself that the princess got bored and rejected him. The genitive case composed a beautiful ballad for the princess, but it was so long that the princess fell asleep. The dative baked a wonderful cake, brought it to the square on a huge cart pulled by four horses. All the inhabitants ate the cake, except for the princess - she did not like sweets. The accusative case came forward and accused the tsar's daughter of injustice towards the brothers and did not participate in the competition. The instrumental case built a beautiful castle for the beauty, but she did not like it either. The turn came to the prepositional case, he approached the princess and said: “I offer you my hand and heart! Your love for life!" The princess smiled and replied, “I agree to be with you and love you until the end of my days!”
They got married and in both kingdoms celebrated a magnificent wedding. And they lived happily ever after!
To understand the rule
Never forget
It must be studied
Present in the form of a fairy tale.
Root of the word
Met the root of the word and the root of the plant.
- Hello, who are you?
“I am the root of the plant. I live in the earth.
“And I am the root of the word. I live in words
- It doesn't happen that way. Perhaps you are not a real root. Not like me! From me, sprouts originate in the ground, from which grasses, shrubs and whole trees grow. Can anything grow out of you?
- Certainly. Bushes also originate from me. Only not plants, but bushes of words. Look at the root - - kind
-. And the words kindness, kindness, kind good man, kindly, virtue, appease grow on it. And that is not all. You see what a lush bush turned out
Just like the bushes
Different words have roots.
Be careful with words
Find the root in them yourself.
Find out skillfully the line of kinship.
Single-root pick up words
Explain words sensibly
The root of the word will help us.
He will help us understand
How to write a word.
Game "Superfluous word": you need to find a word that is not the same root
Squirrel, white, whiten.
Water, water, drive.
Leaf, fox, fox cub.
Moose, flap, calf.
Mountain, hill, town.
Dog, sandy, sand
Sailors, marine, walruses,
Root, root, cakes.
Game "Leaves"
Cards with single-root words are cut out in the form of leaflets. Trees can be decorated with these leaves (each tree has a certain group of single-root words.) Or roots are given on the trunks, you need to pick up as many single-root words as possible by writing them on a sheet
ROOT OF THE WORD
Treasure
(Treasure hunter's story)
We go somehow with Petka through the forest, pick mushrooms, put them in a basket. Suddenly we see: a hut. The foundation of the old masonry is in the form of chicken legs. Architraves on windows with a carving - directly an applied art! I told Petka: "I bet there is a treasure here!" We decided, without delay, to check. We approach the door, and. . . it became clear: the overlay came out. There is a huge bill hanging on the door lock!
- Can we put it off until another time? - says Petka.
- No, - I say, - it's too early to fold your hands! See, the window is open. It leads to the closet.
We climbed into the pantry, and there was a warehouse of various ancient weapons: a sword-hoarder, a musket with a butt. . . and all sorts of other things. In a word, we go outside with a full calculation. And suddenly we hear: "Stop!" A watchman with horns and a bushy beard comes out of the thicket! Goblin - storekeeper! L - Put everything on the ground! - screams. In general, everything was taken from us! In vain, or something, Baba Yaga pays him a salary. And he searched more, even felt the lining of the jackets. There were small folding knives in the basket, and he took them away.
- This, - he says, - will be your contribution to our forest piggy bank. It turns out that everyone who has been in this place for thousands of years before us left their weapons here in the pantry.
And this way Baba Yaga is not going to change.
And as for you, - says the watchman, - I will present a memorandum to Baba Yaga. Our Yaga is a storehouse of wisdom and justice! And the mind, too, at least reads in warehouses! We wanted to argue with the watchman, but we see that the alignment is not in our favor. He will also use witchcraft, turn us into a folding bed. Or in a rubber gasket for a faucet. Or maybe in a piece of sugar to drink tea with us overlay or bite.
In general, this trip to the forest turned out to be unprofitable for us ... Although, when they began to do homework at home and opened the textbook on the bookmark, they read the task there: to come up with a story with the same root words. And the root is indicated: "treasure"! Does this tell you anything? If not, then read my story again.
Find in this story all the words with the root - treasure
-. I wonder who will find more?
Tale of dividing b and b
Once upon a time there was a boy Neznaykin in the world. He was in the third grade. Once Neznaikin wrote a dictation. "Sat down" porridge; "I drink" water; I lead the "seed"; score "Kolya," he diligently deduced.
- Oh oh oh! - Worried about misspelled words. - In this form it is impossible to appear in society: we will be laughed at!
– What happened to you? Neznaykin was surprised.
- You don't know anything! - the letters e, e, u, i grieved - in these words we designate two sounds each (ye), (yo), (yu), (ya), but we do this only with the help of a solid sign, which is placed in front of us after the prefixes , and a soft sign that is placed before the vowels e, e, u, i, and.
- You lost our assistants, and now everyone thinks that we denote only one sound (e), (o), (y), (a)? drink, shoot, stakes!
Neznaikin was very embarrassed and blushed. He carefully took the signs and put them in their place. Since then, he has become very attentive to those letters that mean nothing, but help others.
Tale of cases
In the very center of the city of Words, there is a tall house with a glass roof, where mother Declination and her six sons-cases live.
My favorite place in the house is the kitchen. How nice it is to gather here with the whole family in the evenings, drink tea, look at the stars and talk about what happened during the day! When the clock strikes midnight, everyone wishes each other good night and disperses to their rooms. . .
Every morning, as soon as the first rays of the sun wake up, my mother comes downstairs with a tray full of hot pies. The nominative case lives on the top floor, it is the oldest and prefers to be the main member in the sentence - the subject. True, as Mother Declination says, sometimes he has to agree to the predicate. Favorite questions of this case - who? What?
- Knock-Knock! Mom knocks on the door.
- Who?
- Mother!
- What?
- Pies!
The genitive case lives one floor below. He has long since woken up and is looking forward to his breakfast, but his mother is still absent.
- No one?
- Moms!
- No what?
- Pirozhkov!
Guess which questions he likes the most? That's right - who? what?
Even lower lives the dative case - the kindest of the brothers. He is always ready to help, and his favorite questions are to whom? what?
- Glad to whom?
- Mom!
- Glad for what?
- Pies!
And here is the accusative case! Why do you think it was named that way? That's right, because he always blames everyone for everything. The sun - that it rises early, mother - that she does not love him enough (although this is not true), and brothers - cases - that they sorted out the best questions. Mom is long gone. Or maybe they forgot about him? Or ran out of pies?
Who do I blame?
- Mom?
- Blame what?
– Pies?
Let's get acquainted with the next brother - the instrumental case. This case is a jack of all trades. Always sawing something, planing, drawing. The sun had just risen and he was already at work. Mom put a plate of pies on the workbench for him.
- Satisfied with whom?
- Mom!
- Satisfied with what?
- Pies!
His favorite questions are by whom? how?
Hear the song? This is the youngest of the cases - prepositional. His voice is clear, sonorous, listen! Even the birds in the sky were silent.
- I sing about whom?
- About mom!
- Sing about what?
- About pies? His favorite questions are about whom? About what?
I. p. who? What?
R. p. whom? what?
D. p. to whom? what?
V. p. whom? What?
Etc. by whom? how?
P. p. about whom? about what
How cases ran away from school
Tired of cases
in the human school.
I wanted cases
Walk freely!
What to bow in vain,
Isn't it better to hang around?
Run away cases
For houses, for garages
And rush into the field of rye:
- That's where the will!
That's where life is!
Let's run to the forest!
Among the beasts
We will find our friends!
And cases began to live in the forest. . .
There will be no more ignoramuses here!
Let everyone choose a case!
And the animals came running
All cases have been taken away.
WHO? Nominative? Bear.
He is visible and sociable.
"It's a pleasure to do business with him"
Nominative thought.
Genitive, it is for WHOM?
The polite hedgehog took it
. And for the parents of the hedgehog
You will not find a better case.
And the Dative case to WHOM?
Got the wolf. Why?
Try not to give a case
To the one who can take away!
For what? Or rather, who?
Are all the cones flying in the forest?
The accusative case is his,
Bunnies-braggarts!
And with WHOM is the Creator?
With a fox! Cunning, the right word.
He will conquer everyone with his beauty
And he will do this!
ABOUT WHAT? Prepositional, are you sad?
"A wood mouse took me.
I live in a mouse hole.
There are offered crusts.
And what happened to the students of the school?
They write a letter to the forest in tears:
"Come back, cases!
We will not offend you.
We will study for you.
It's hard for us to live without you.
Let's be friends with you and us!"
Alphabet
At Alyonushki had a brother, and his name was Verlioka. The swan geese took him to oak where is the prince Elisha sat on a chain and shouted: " Ruff- Ershovich help me!" But flew to the oak Firebird and became with him golden peck nuts. A Ivan the Fool collected shells for Koshcheya. came here and Fox with a rock, and Bear with a box, and an old man with net ... Eagle flew in and Cockerel Golden Scallop. Worker rode on horseback. Nightingale-robber Teryoshechka brought. Ustinyushka resorted to Finist Clear Falcon and Khavroshechka. Elisha chain tore apart everyone monsters rewarded generously, and Shamakhanskaya the queen married. By pike settled in a hut by decree. And soon it turned out that he was married this youth... on Baba Yage!
Guess what fairy tales these characters are from. And at the same time, check if all the words highlighted here are in alphabetical order?
Exception verbs
The study of the topic “Verbs - exceptions” coincides with the study of the fairy tale “The Little Mermaid” by G. Andersen Here is a letter the prince can write to the Little Mermaid using verbs - exceptions:
me from you depend- joy.
By me you can twirl,
See, hear you are the reward.
Everything is ready for you tolerate!
You would be torture offend!
Everything would be on you look
drive me or hate
Your right. I will continue
I'm in the hands of myself hold.
Not next to you breathe.
Word composition
Lived in one house - there was a word mystery
. All parts of this word lived together in harmony - the prefix, the root, the suffix and the ending. Lived not grieve. But one day the root of the word was lifted up.
“I’m in charge here,” the root shouted. - The root is the main part of the word. All of you must obey me and fulfill my every whim.
With a word, he offended both the brother of the suffix, and the sisters, the ending and the prefix. They left his house, did not live with him. Nobody wants to be friends with the root. And who wants to deal with such a thing. Root after all -gad-
.
"Turnip"
Variations with one root and ten prefixes.
Grandfather planted a turnip. A large turnip has grown. The neighbors began to scold the grandfather: “Why are you pulling, you can’t pull the turnip out in any way? It looks like it will fall on our fence.” And grandfather pulled his cap over his eyes and stretched out on the woodpile. And the neighbors can’t understand why the grandfather is pulling everything, because just look, someone will Pull the turnip, even if it is covered with barbed wire ... In general, the grandfather delayed the harvest until late autumn, and then stretched it until winter. In a word, grandfather lasted until winter, and then he pulled relatives, animals, and at the very end a mouse to help. Here she pulls the cat by the tail and pulls ...
gender of nouns
Find masculine, feminine and neuter nouns in the text of the fairy tale.
A puppy came home from a dog school and asked:
- Mom, what gender am I: male or female?
- It's too early for you to know, - says mom, - you're still a puppy.
- "Puppy," thought the puppy, "that means masculine," and went out into the street. He walks and suddenly hears the chicken talking about him to the hen:
- Look, look, dog!
- "A dog means I'm feminine," the puppy decided and ran on.
- What a nice dog! - the cow praised him.
"Doggy means masculine," the puppy thought.
“This is probably a mongrel,” the goose pointed at the puppy.
- No, this is a boxer, - objected the goose. The puppy is completely confused. Then he slipped and fell into a puddle.
- Wow, what a monster! the sheep grimaced as he clambered out of the mud.
- Woe to my onion, where are you so smeared? - the mother met the puppy.
- "Monster? Onion grief? I don't want to be neuter!" - thought the puppy and climbed into the bath to wash.
Soft sign at the end of nouns after hissing
Once upon a time there was a soft sign in the world. And he had no friends. He was bored and sad. He decided to go around the world to look for friends. He walked for a long time and suddenly saw a light in the distance. He ran into the light, suddenly they were waiting for him there. But the closer he came to the house, the less he wanted to have such friends. Dirt all around, broken fence, spiders and cockroaches all around.
– Who lives here? – asked y.
“We are masculine nouns with a hissing ending!” - answered the sword, comrade and rook.
"Why are you in such a mess?"
- It's not a man's business to clean up! Stay with us, we will do what we want.
I did not want to stay with them, I decided to look for more friends. For a long time he wandered through the fields, through the forests. Quite tired. Sees a light flickering. Went into the world. That's so miracle. The girl met him. Started talking about health, flooded the stove. She put everything in its place. I liked the soft sign visiting feminine nouns with a hissing at the end. So he stayed with them. Where he still lives.
main members of the proposal. phrase
We present the proposal with the guys in the form of a family. An uncommon proposal is a family in which there are no children. A common one is a family with children. The more minor members, the more children in the family. Who is the head of the family? Of course, mom and dad. So in the sentence - the subject (mother), the predicate (dad). Who pities you more - mom. She often says - you are so beautiful, smart, big. Most often, the subject in a sentence asks the question - which one? Which? etc., but dads are strict and serious and ask questions - where? When? Where? where? etc. - well, directly, like a predicate in a sentence.
Very, often, as a phrase, children write out the subject and the predicate. We found out that the main ones in the family are dad and mom, they do not obey each other - they are both the main ones, which means the subject and the predicate, also do not obey each other, and they cannot be considered a phrase.
Literature:
1. V.V. Volina"Russian language. We learn by playing.
2. A. Undzenkova Russian with passion. Yekaterinburg, 2003
3. N.V. Nechaev"Tasks for the development of speech." M., "Chistye Prudy", 2007.
4. V.B. Markina"Entertaining spelling." M., "Chistye Prudy", 2007.
5. E. Sinitsyna"Smart Tales"
Linguistic fairy tale "Cases" Completed by: Ivan Dydykin, student of grade 4 "a", MBOU "Secondary School No. 10", r.p. Hydrotorf, Balakhninsky district, Nizhny Novgorod region Head: Nikitina Larisa Vladimirovna, primary school teacher. 2016
Cases. In some secondary school, in some 4 "a" class, cases are very important in the table above the school board. They settled down as they always used to, one under the other, with questions. The nominative case stood majestically on the very top line. It is also called straight. It was followed by indirect cases. Every day they calmly looked at the guys who were doing their exercises, reminding them how to change parts of speech according to cases. Once the nominative case looked into the notebook of the girl Masha, who was sitting on the first desk by the window. He saw how she diligently deduced sentences: “The long-awaited spring has come! The sun is shining brightly, the birds are chirping. So the girl began to determine the cases of nouns and it turned out that they all stand in the nominative case! The nominative case cheered up and looked around: “I, I alone, he thought, can compose a whole story! How did I not notice this before?! But His Majesty the Russian language itself calls me direct and nominative! And I stand on the very top line of the case table! At the very top of the hierarchy! It is I who name everything around, that is, I give the Name! "Who?" So what?" around me, only I decide! How sorry I am for my useless indirect brethren! They should have addressed me long ago as “Your name”! Take, for example, the Genitive case - “There is no one? What?" Yes, he directly says that he is simply NOT! Or the accusative case - “I see whom? What?" He himself is aware of his guilt, repeating my own question “What?”
No, no, no, I positively can easily dispense with indirect cases!” The nominative case was so carried away and did not notice what he had been saying aloud for a long time. And the rest of the cases heard his entire monologue, everything from the Genitive to the Prepositional. They listened, and there was no end to their indignation. Finally, the limit of patience came, and they started talking. The Dative case was the first to start: "We would like to give you a lesson." “We will leave you and leave you alone,” continued the genitive case. “And you think about it,” the creative case said. “Yes, we should think about the current situation,” Prepositional supported him. After these words, the case table magically changed. Now it was wearing one Nominative case. But he was not afraid. On the contrary, it seemed to him that he had become even more famous: “After all, His Majesty the Russian language Himself calls all the words that are in the sentence in the nominative case the main ones! I can handle it!” the Nominative case braved. In the classroom, meanwhile, something was going on. He noticed how worried the girl Masha, the one who wrote about spring. Her next sentence, "No more snow and blizzards," naturally morphed into "More snow and blizzards." “How does spring turn into winter?”, The nominative case guessed that it was his cowardly counterpart Genitive case, running away, took with him the auxiliary word “no” and the questions “Who?” and what?" He thought about how to help the girl, but then he noticed that another student, Katya, was confused. Her sentence, "Give my dog a bone," became: "My dog, a bone." This Dative took away the auxiliary word “I give” and the questions “To whom?” and "What?" And the Accusative case so cleverly hid its questions “Who?” and “What?” that the word “bone” in this sentence has become the main member - the predicate. Petya, who was sitting next to him, has a sentence: “I, Motherland, am proud of you!” turned into "I, Motherland,
You!". The instrumental case took away the auxiliary word “proud” and the questions “By whom?” and "What?" The nominative case no longer doubted, the same is true with the prepositional case. He looked into one of the notebooks. Right before his eyes, the sentence "Let's talk about the end" changed into one fateful word "The End". “Yes, this is the end! The finale of my greatness!” thought the nominative case. At this very time, suddenly, right above him, the Nominative case saw a bright cloud, in the center of which was His Majesty the Russian language. He was surrounded by the closest courtiers - Lexis, Phonetics, Grammar, Spelling and Morphology. The nominative case is numb and numb. He did not expect such a quick reprisal against himself. "Your Majesty," he whispered and lowered his head. “I will not allow anyone to spoil the Russian language - the heritage we received from our ancestors!”, I heard the nominative case above me. “I demand that you treat me with respect. Don't you see all the richness, richness and beauty of the Russian language? I could punish you, but honey! Think why?! When the cloud melted, the Nominative case noticed a slight excitement in the class, but now it subsided. He looked around - in the table, each case again took its place, in the students' notebooks there was complete order: nouns and adjectives associated with them were in the right cases. Life has returned to normal. How wonderful it was!
TALE-GAME OF CASES
One girl went to the forest for berries and got lost. The girl’s name was Anyuta, and she was in the second grade, so she didn’t cry, but, tightly squeezing the handle of her basket of berries, went straight ahead without turning anywhere.
She walked and walked and came out to some amazing village. It had only three streets, which were called Declensions. Yes, they were called so unusually: First declension, Second declension And Third declension.
There were six identical houses on each street, and funny little men lived in each.
The girl decided to walk along the first street and take a closer look at all the houses and little men. I went to the first house and saw a strange name on the sign "Nominative". Before the girl had time to be surprised, a little man leaned out of the window, looked at the girl and sharply asked:
- Who is this?
Then he turned his gaze to the basket.
- What is this? the Nominative asked again.
- I'm Anyuta, and this is a basket. Can you tell me how to find the way to the village?
However, the strange little man only uneasily repeated:
- Who is this? What is this? Who is this? What is this?
“I am Anyuta, this is a basket,” Anyuta patiently answered again and again. Finally, she realized that there would be no sense here, and she knocked on the next house, on which stood the name "Genitive".
A frightened little man looked out from there and chattered:
- There is no one! There is nothing!
“Yes, I don’t need anything,” the girl reassured him. “Come on, I’ll treat you to strawberries, since you don’t have anything.”
The little man ate the berries with pleasure, but he could not help Anyuta either. Only realizing that the girl was already leaving, he muttered plaintively:
- No one? - No Anyuta. There is nothing? - No baskets and berries.
From the next house there was a delicious smell of pies, and on the nameplate it was written - "Dative".
A little man named Dative turned out to be the most hospitable. He invited Anyuta into the house, seated her at the table and treated her to tea and pies. Moreover, he put a few more pies in the basket "on the path" and only kept saying:
- I give to whom? I give Anyuta. I give what? I give you a basket.
The girl's mood improved, and she, singing, went to the next house.
– Accusative, Anyuta read the nameplate.
At first she did not see a little man named Accusatory, but heard - in the house there was a roar from the fall, and then muttering:
Who do I blame? I blame the girl! Blame what? I blame the basket!
And only after that a disgruntled face appeared in the window. It turned out that the little man wanted to get a better look at the girl with the basket, but he slipped and fell.
“Okay, don’t be upset,” Anyuta consoled him after she introduced herself.
She treated the little man to a pie and strawberries and tried to find out if he had heard of her village. The little man became kinder and chirped:
- I see who? I see Anna! See what? I see a village!
He pointed to the end of the street and slammed the window shut.
There was no one in the next house, and Anyuta, waiting for the owner, began to study the nameplate.
– Instrumental, she read.
Then she heard the sound of an ax in the courtyard of the house. Anyuta looked into the gate and greeted politely. But the little man continued enthusiastically hewing a huge log.
Finally he stopped and said:
Who is building the house? What is the house being built?
- By whom? How? Anyuta asked.
- By whom? Master. How? With an ax, - the little man answered with pleasure and again set to work.
- I create by whom? I create what? Anyuta mimicked him offendedly, “he doesn’t know where the village is!” - and went on, without waiting for attention from the little man.
Prepositional sat in an armchair by the window and thoughtfully looked out into the street.
“Hello,” Anyuta said politely.
But the little man did not answer her and continued to look ahead of him.
- It's impolite! - the girl was offended.
- Is it polite to interfere? the man suddenly spoke up.
“You don’t do anything, what did I do to you?” Anyuta wondered.
She was already angry at these stupid little men who repeated their strange questions, and it seemed that none of them wanted to help her.
"I'm busy, I think," Prepositional replied with dignity.
- About what?
- I'm thinking about who? I think about the girl Anyuta. Think about what? Thinking about the road to your village.
“So you know which path leads to my village!” Anyuta rejoiced.
“I know, this one,” said the little man, and pointed to the path that passed by his house.
- Thank you! - the girl thanked him and, unable to restrain herself, added, - but still you are strange little men.
- We are not little men, we are cases. The school year will begin, and we will come to your school along this path and get to know you and your friends better.
“Okay, we’ll be waiting for you,” Anyuta said, and ran home cheerfully.
The prepositional case thoughtfully looked after her and muttered:
- I'm thinking about who? About Anyuta... Thinking about what? About school …
