The closer the end of school, the more questions high school students have about where to go to study. According to statistics, 80% of university graduates do not work in their specialty. This is associated with a misconception about the profession or with uncertainty in one's abilities and knowledge. How to discover talent, where to go, finally, how to answer the question: what professions to choose after grade 11?
The first thing you must remember is that if thoughts are not directed towards a goal, then they are chaotic. Without a goal, you act differently every day, not knowing what to strive for. To find out what profession to choose and where to go to study, first decide what goal you are striving for.
Answer the questions. What is your meaning of life? What idea will you give to this world? What fruits will you reap in old age? Where are your steps going? - Write down the answers. Now think about what profession would help you realize your dream. It should not interfere with your goal or go along with it. It should contribute to its implementation. And remember, you don't have to do everything, you have to do the most important thing.
We bring to your attention a list of professions after grade 11 that are in demand in the labor market. What profession to choose and where to enter is up to you.
Accountant
Figures, bills, documents - and so on for eight hours every day. What's more boring? - So think those who are not familiar with this profession. And only the accountants themselves know that their work is a gambling quiz show, during which there is no time to be bored.
Accounting is not only the calculation of salaries, vacation pay and sick leave, but also a hundred other issues. Oddly enough, the first to answer them are not the heads of firms, but accountants. They translate the processes taking place in the company into the language of numbers. Knowing where the company's finances go is the prerogative of the accounting department.
The accountant needs to select and collect financial related information, systematize it and analyze it. Without this painstaking work, a crisis will quickly come in the company.
In this path, you can choose several areas of activity. On the one hand, this is the “position” of an artist with a boundless flight of fancy. On the other hand, an engineer, a mechanic - that is, a person familiar with the sewer or porch device.
Architects are people who build residential and administrative buildings. There are also industrial architects. There are architects who are engaged in landscape design.
Qualities that an architect possesses:
- Creative skills,
- developed spatial thinking,
- self control,
- realism.
Engineer
In Soviet times, it was in great demand, so many wanted to go to study as "techies". Half of the schoolchildren in the class, when asked what your father works for, answered with the term "engineer". After perestroika, the demand for technical specialties fell sharply. There was a desire to go to study at economic, law and other humanitarian faculties. However, today the profession of an engineer has become in demand again. And the salaries of those "techies" are constantly growing. So there is a demand!
Remember that engineers work in all areas of production. You can enroll as a civil engineer, communications engineer, space or food technology engineer. Without engineers, you won’t fly anywhere and you won’t go anywhere!
And here are the qualities that an engineer has:
- interest in the operation of technical devices,
- developed visual logic,
- attentiveness,
- discipline.
So where to go, who to ask? - We hope that this article will help with the choice of a profession after 11 classes of school. Become a professional in the path you choose - and success is guaranteed to you. Moreover, success, which can be expressed not only by external brilliance and the thickness of the wallet, but also by a deep sense of inner satisfaction and pride. Although the thickness of the wallet for any profession is very good.
The Constitution guarantees equal labor rights for men and women. Today, the fair sex can engage in professional activities in a variety of fields. Exceptions are certain statutory jobs involving danger and hard work. The gender division of labor is gradually fading into the background, but still, some areas of higher education are still more in demand among girls, and others - among young people. Where can a girl go to study after the 11th grade today? Let's look into this issue together.
Make way for the girls!
In many specializations, girls feel more comfortable and show better results than the representatives of the stronger sex. These are professions that involve working in a team and interacting with people, whether they are clients, patients, students or business partners. The fair sex also prefer specialties where they can show empathy (empathy), provide assistance or take part in the educational process. They are also traditionally strong in the humanities (philology, history, sociology), where their share among the total number of students can range from 60 to 90%.
Below is a list of the most "feminine" areas where girls can enter after the 11th grade.
1. Pedagogy
The share of women among teachers of preschool educational institutions and schools exceeds 80%.
After graduation, you will receive a sought-after specialty that will allow you to work with children. You can get a job after completing your education not only in a public school or kindergarten, but also in a private educational institution, where salaries are many times higher.
Where to go: specialized, for example, etc. in the direction 44.03.05 - pedagogical education with two profiles. You can also qualify as a teacher through a double degree program or by graduating from a master's program.
What to donate: USE is required in the Russian language, specialized mathematics and social science. If you want to work in high school as a subject teacher, you will have to take a core subject: biology, history, etc.
Applicants often choose psychology, pedagogy and linguistics
2. Psychology
A fashionable specialty will provide an opportunity to realize communication skills, insight and intuition. You will be able to understand the causes of human actions and feelings, as well as get a sought-after and highly paid profession. With a diploma in psychology, you can easily find a job to your liking anywhere - from school to the personnel department, from a psychiatric clinic to a psychological center. Of course, a psychological education will be useful, even if you do not intend to work in your specialty.
Where to go: faculties of psychology are represented in medical and humanitarian universities, as well as large universities (for example, etc.). There are also specialized educational institutions, for example, the Moscow Institute of Psychoanalysis.
What to donate: for admission to the specialty "Psychology" the USE is required in specialized mathematics, Russian language and biology, in rare cases - in social science. for admission establishes DWI in biology.
3. Linguistics
Education in the field of linguistics is suitable for most girls who have a penchant for learning languages and literature. Graduates of philological faculties today can find themselves in a number of popular professions. Among them are a translator or simultaneous translator, editor, journalist.
Where to go: philology is taught at large universities and liberal arts schools. The specialty "Translator" can also be obtained at some technical universities, for example,.
What to donate: USE in the humanities: Russian language, foreign language, history or social science. conducts DWI in literature.
The study of languages and literature is a direction that attracts many girls
4. Medicine
The proportion of women among the medical staff is high, although this area of activity has its own specifics and is not suitable for everyone. All medical specialties are available for applicants - from dentistry to neurosurgery, but most of the women are employed in pediatrics. The profession of a doctor in the developed countries of the world is considered one of the most prestigious and highly paid. Someone prefers classical medicine to veterinary medicine.
What to donate: for economic areas, the Unified State Examination in mathematics, social science and history is required. The specialty of international orientation also requires a foreign language and sometimes geography. The Faculty of Economics of Moscow State University is conducting a DWI in mathematics, MGIMO will have to additionally take a foreign language.
Education in the field of business will help the girl find a prestigious job
Technical and natural science specialties
Meeting a girl in a math or physics department is not easy. But the proportion of the fairer sex in professions related to information technology and programming is steadily growing. The most popular specialties are related to biology, biotechnology and biomedicine.
Admission to the natural sciences and technical faculties implies the desire to engage in pure science - finding a job exactly corresponding to the specialty "Applied Mathematics" will not be easy. However, the analytical skills of such specialists are valued in many large companies, banks, and research centers. Having shown your best, after graduation, you can receive an invitation to work from a foreign university or an international corporation.
Where to go: You can get an education in academic areas at various technical universities (,) or large universities.
What to donate: USE subjects depend on the chosen specialization. In addition to the obligatory Russian language and specialized mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, etc. will be required. Some universities conduct DWI.
Choosing a profession is one of the most significant moments in a graduate's life. The right choice determines the interest in future work and training, income level, career advancement.
For the right choice of profession, the physiological and mental inclinations of the child, the demand for specialists in the labor market are important.
What affects the prestige of the profession:
- Wage level.
- Geographic location of the future place of work.
- Additional bonuses (foreign business trips, shortened working hours, long holidays).
What must be taken into account when choosing a specialty:
- interest in the chosen activity.
- Correspondence of abilities and psyche to the peculiarities of the profession.
The choice of a profession is determined by the interest, prestige and gender of a person.
There are women's professions and men's specialties. But most areas of education are suitable for both boys and girls.
Here is a list of professions that are equally interesting to men and women:
- Doctor.
- Lawyer, advocate.
- Teacher, trainer.
- Scientist, researcher.
- Bank employee.
- Journalist.
- Artist, musician.
- Designer, photographer, stylist.
- Manager.
- Farmer, gardener, agricultural worker.
List of specialties for girls
The female psyche is distinguished by the ability to be patient and perform routine work. Predominantly female professions are considered where they demonstrate appearance and attractiveness.
- Teacher of elementary grades and kindergarten, psychologist.
- Nurse, pharmacist, nanny, nurse.
- Hairdresser, beautician.
- Secretary.
- Accountant.
- Seamstress.
- Call center operator.
- Dancer and actress.
- Stewardess.
- Model.
List of majors for boys
Professions that require endurance and physical strength, as well as specialties related to mechanisms and technical devices are considered purely masculine.
- Military, policeman, firefighter, sailor, lifeguard, law enforcement officer.
- Driver, locomotive driver, pilot
- Miner, oilman.
- Welder, turner, auto mechanic.
- Butcher, chef.
- Builder, loader.
- Automotive engineer.
- Specialist in assembling and configuring computers, creator of computer programs, network administrator.
Professions at the institute (at the university) at the end of grade 11
Higher education is necessary where a large amount of theoretical and practical knowledge is used:
- Middle and high school teacher, university lecturer.
- Doctor of any profile.
- An engineer in any specialty - automobiles, materials, processing technologies, etc.
- Lawyer.
College, technical school, school - educational institutions of an average rank. They give a lot of real skills and abilities. A number of professions are difficult to obtain without prior training at a college or technical school. The difference between a college, a technical school and a school is the quality of general education.
College careers after 11th grade
College is a cross between a university and just a college. This is a secondary educational institution with an application for a high culture of communication, with an in-depth education program and an increased scholarship. Here is a list of popular colleges.
- To study at a music university (conservatory), you must graduate from a music college. The name of schools has been assigned to many medium-sized musical institutions, although in fact they are colleges.
- College of Medicine - gives extra points for admission to medical school.
- Acting College - often a stepping stone to admission to the specialty of the director.
- College of Education - provides many real-world skills in teaching crafts and early childhood education.
- Art College - gives useful skills in the field of artistic craft - fine arts, design, computer graphics, architecture.
Professions in a technical school for students who have graduated from grade 11
A technical school is almost a college. It differs in that the high school course is not deepened. The technical school and college provide a good basis for further education at the university. Most technical schools produce technical specialists, give them real work skills and a decent level of education for future admission to the institute. Here are the popular types of colleges:
- Building.
- Engineering, industrial, electro-radio engineering.
- Aviation, electric locomotive repair, transport.
- Commercial technical school (prepares representatives of middle-ranking trade - managers, sales managers, marketers).
- Agrarian.
Specialties in the school after 11 classes
A number of professional skills can only be given to a person by training in a vocational school. Vocational schools enjoy minimal prestige. The school gives knowledge of the trade, for which there is no need for higher education. Only real skills and abilities.
- Workers in production and construction - welders and casters, builders and painters.
- Agricultural workers - tractor drivers, cattle breeding specialists.
- Catering workers - culinary specialists, cooks.
- Service sector workers - hairdressers, cosmetologists.
The training here is short. A year later, the graduate becomes a specialist.
The issue of admission should be decided not by parents and teachers, but by the graduate. Their advice and reasoning is invaluable, but the final decision is made (without offense from relatives and teachers) by the adult himself.
Continuation. . .
Today, our attention will be presented with a list of professions after grade 11. In general, after graduating from school, it will not be so difficult to go somewhere. But finding a job is already a rather big problem for modern schoolchildren and students. It is also important to choose a direction that will be prestigious and in demand in the future. This will help eliminate employment problems. So, let's try to figure out which profession to choose after grade 11.
Medicine
The first scenario is to go to medical school and then study to be a doctor. Surgeons, pediatricians, dentists are very popular now. True, for this you will have to sit at the university for about 7 years, and then undergo an internship.
If you are interested in popular professions after grade 11, and with all this, you understand biology and chemistry, then you can really learn to be a doctor. They are currently in short supply. To make your work profitable and prestigious, just get a job in a private clinic upon graduation. And in this case, you do not have to worry about your earnings, as well as the popularity of your direction. At a minimum, the years spent at the university will not be in vain.
Manager
And we continue our list of professions with you after grade 11. In fact, professions in demand may not be the most prestigious. And, moreover, not highly paid. Just one of these now include the direction of management. We are talking about the area that we are used to seeing - about the lowest link.
What it is? The thing is that the entire management is divided into 3 parts: higher, middle and lower level. The first two are the real managers, bosses. And the last - just what is so popular and in demand today in the labor market - the most common, so to speak, junior managers. These include: sellers, cashiers, catering workers and fast food cafes, movers, cleaners, sales representatives. In principle, all those professions that a student or schoolchild can get a job.
However, these are quite popular professions after grade 11. You can train to be a manager, gain experience in a lower-level field during your studies, and then move into a management position. So, do not be afraid of this specialty. Plus, it's pretty easy and simple to get into it.
Engineer
Good professions after grade 11, to be honest, should be adequately paid. And just one of those jobs can be attributed to engineering. Today Russia does not have enough personnel who will be engaged in this work. There are simple engineers and equipment installers.
You can get such an education by entering the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics. You will have to study long and hard in order to be able to find a normal job later. Unfortunately, this direction is not very popular among applicants. After all, often engineers are paid a rather small salary, which is incomparable with the responsibility and duties in the workplace.
Teacher
Our list of professions after grade 11 continues. To be honest, along with doctors and physicians, a very popular position today is a teacher. Only among graduates this work is not particularly popular.
There are more and more people, first-graders too. Schools and kindergartens are expanding before our eyes. Yes, but there is no one to teach children. In order to become a good teacher, now you need to get a pedagogical education, as well as get a second "tower" in the direction in which you want to work. That is, if it is chemistry and biology - medical, physics - physics and mathematics, mathematics / geometry - mathematics, and so on. With all this, you will be loaded with work up to your ears, and the salary, as a rule, for teachers is meager. Only as a teacher is a really prestigious job.
Beautician
After grade 11, to be honest, they are more popular and in demand. And they are often paid much better than any other direction. If you are a girl who does not know where to go to study after school, but with all this, you want to get a "purely female profile" education, then you can go to school to become a cosmetologist. Or a manicurist.
This is after the 11th grade is quite in demand. Yes, there are a lot of such masters and cosmetologists now. But the clients keep coming. On all several masters of time will not suffice. So, cosmetology and manicure are quite popular and profitable areas. Especially if you are a private master, as well as in some private and good salon. Training in this area is shorter than in any other area. And there is almost no competition - each client (and there are many of them) chooses a master himself. Try it, you won't regret it!
Office worker
Now the list of professions after grade 11, which can only be called in demand, continues indefinitely. However, there is another very necessary area in which new personnel are always required. This is an office job.
To be honest, many people want to work in this way. However, to achieve this, you will have to get an economic or legal education. Sometimes students who have graduated from management also have an opportunity. And, congratulations, you will become the most ordinary office worker.
There are many such employees now, but there is a huge turnover of personnel in the labor market. And so a new one is always needed. What will you have to do in your place? As a rule, work with documents, write reports, sometimes sell goods and services through phone calls. In principle, it is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance.
But you should immediately warn - office workers are often loaded with someone else's work. And they put pressure on you morally. Not everyone will agree to this. For this reason, after working for some time in the office, people move to another company. Or quit altogether. So when you take on a career as an office worker, you have to prepare for a lot of pressure. If you can endure it, you will achieve heights in building a career, and you will also begin to receive good pay. No? Then you have to look for another job.
How to find yourself
If you cannot decide where to go to study, then the so-called test for a profession after grade 11 will help you. As a rule, all future school graduates take it. Approximately at the beginning of the school year.
What will be in the test? Many questions that will illustrate your behavior in different situations, as well as show your abilities, skills, emotional stability and ambition. After a clear analysis, psychologists will make a verdict - to whom and what profession is more suitable. Unfortunately, usually the test results and the desires of future applicants diverge. In general, listen to yourself - this is the only way you can choose the best profession for yourself.
All will depend on the subjects you choose to take the exam. Based on their list, you can choose one of the suitable specialties. As for the type of educational institution, you can study at a secondary or higher educational institution - a technical school, college, college or university, academy, institute, respectively.
What type of educational institution to choose? How to choose between several universities or colleges? What to do if you are missing several USE subjects for admission? More on this later.
Where to go to study after 11th grade? University or college
Graduates of the 11th grade who have overcome the minimum threshold for passing the compulsory subjects of the Unified State Examination can enter higher or secondary specialized educational institutions. The choice will depend on the education that you eventually receive - secondary or higher. There is a significant difference between educational institutions, determined by their organizational form.
First of all, in the educational programs that they implement, and in the opportunities for student learning. Here are the key differences:
- The university implements a wide range of educational programs, has the best teaching staff in terms of the number of PhD students and academic degrees of professors. The university receives maximum funding and at the same time trains specialists in specialties from different fields.
- The Academy implements educational programs within one sphere of human activity. It can be law, military affairs, economics, agriculture, and so on. It is inferior to universities in terms of funding. The teaching staff includes a smaller number of professors with scientific degrees.
- The Institute implements educational programs within one area of professional activity. Accordingly, it conducts training in a narrow range of specialties. The number of professors with a degree in the teaching staff is less than at the university and at the academy. Funding is also less.
At the same time, all the listed educational institutions implement higher education programs. And at the same time they are divided into state and non-state. In the first there are budget places, scholarships, the possibility of obtaining a hostel. Secondly, education is only paid, there are no scholarships, the hostel is provided for a fee.
What is the difference between technical school, college and college
Again, in educational programs. In addition, in the organizational forms of education and the prospects that open up for graduates. Let's highlight the key differences:
- Technical schools have the same form of organization of education as schools. Usually there are no lectures and seminars, sessions and workshops. The term of study is 2-3 years. At the same time, you receive a secondary specialized education, but you can later enroll in a university for accelerated programs.
- Colleges are considered more prestigious than technical schools. Most often, they are assigned to certain higher educational institutions, in which graduates will later be able to enroll in accelerated education programs with privileges. The form of organization of training is similar to that of a university: students attend lectures and seminars, take sessions and take part in workshops. The term of study is 3-4 years.
- Schools also implement secondary education programs. However, today they can be counted on the fingers. The fact is that most schools are undergoing a reorganization procedure and are striving to become universities. Otherwise, they differ little from colleges in terms of the form of education and educational programs being implemented.
SSUZ can also be state and non-state. In addition to objective differences, there are also subjective ones: if you plan to continue your education after graduating from a secondary specialized educational institution, then it is best to go to college. Its students have unspoken privileges when entering a university assigned to an educational institution.
If you are faced with a choice between a state and non-state educational institution, choose a state one. Before admission, check with the university or secondary school for accreditation. Also, specify whether the educational institution was involved in any scandals, whether the procedure for depriving it of accreditation was initiated against it or its individual faculties. Choose the "cleanest" educational institution.
A few tips for choosing:
Try to find out the opinions of graduates of the chosen specialty, or at least the chosen faculty - use the experience of past years.
- Specify the availability of budget places in the chosen specialty and the possibility of providing social benefits, hostels.
- Find out how much graduates of a university or secondary school are in demand among employers - ask the admissions committee what percentage of graduates are employed.
- On the website of the educational institution, look at the materials from the "Students" section. Evaluate not only the organization of training, but also cultural and sports activities.
- Specify in advance the possibility of taking into account your achievements in school years upon admission.
- Evaluate the level of comfort of students, the quality of education and employment prospects in the complex - this will help you make an informed choice.
It is also worth mentioning higher educational institutions that implement programs of distance or partially distance education. Recently, they have become more and more popular.
But, according to experts, it is better not to choose them for the first education. The fact is that school graduates are rarely distinguished by self-discipline and do not have sufficient skills to organize independent learning.
In distance learning institutions, too much will depend on you. Due to the lack of self-study skills that you can get in classical educational institutions, it is incredibly difficult to organize the educational process. Because of this, the quality of your education can be seriously affected.
Who to study? TOP-50 most demanded specialties
If you have already decided where you want to go to study and have even chosen several educational institutions, it's time to choose a specialty. Teachers recommend paying attention to the professions for which the applicant has a soul, while not forgetting to evaluate the prospects for further employment. It's hard to spend most of your time at a job you don't like. But it is also difficult to survive on minimum wages. Think about it. We have prepared the TOP 50 technical and humanitarian specialties most in demand among graduates of the past three years.
Technical specialties | Humanities |
|---|---|
| Design engineer | Doctor |
| Mining engineer | Designer |
| logistician | Philologist |
| Space industry specialist | document manager |
| Designer of heating and ventilation systems | Military |
| Programmer | Lawyer |
| Instrumentation engineer | Tourism manager |
| Dispatcher IT specialist | Linguist |
| Pharmacist | Advertising and PR Specialist |
| Technologist | Agronomist |
| Electrical Engineer | Economist |
| Architect | HR manager |
| System Administrator | Translator |
| power engineer | Marketer |
| Design engineer | Vet |
| Labor protection engineer | Journalist |
| Forestry specialist | A development manager |
| Signalman | Psychologist |
| Metrologist | Advocate |
| PTO engineer | Biologist |
| Heating engineer | teacher |
| Oil and gas production specialist | Trade and business specialist |
| Agricultural Engineer Meteorologist | Child psychologist |
We have divided the professions into humanitarian and technical, to make it easier for you to navigate them. It is obvious that doctors, military and veterinarians can hardly be called 100% humanitarians. But a list of specialties based on data on the number of applications submitted by graduates of previous years will help you pay attention to the most sought-after professions among applicants.
What to do if you did not pass the required subjects for the exam
Admission in 90% of cases requires the applicant to provide a form with the results of passing the exam. Based on their sum, selection is made.
But what to do and who to go to study after grade 11, if you have not passed the necessary subjects? It is worth noting here that you can take the state exam as many times as you like. Nothing will prevent you from taking the necessary subjects for the exam next year. But you run the risk of losing that same year and, for example, joining the army. So let's look at other options:
- Pass internal exams (if possible).
- Enter the closest specialty and then transfer.
- Get an education and enroll in a master's program in the desired specialty.
- Get a specialized secondary education and continue your studies at a university.
Many graduates forget about the possibility of transfer. In particular, because the deans of faculties are almost always reluctant to discuss this topic. However, this possibility exists, although it depends on many factors. The easiest way is to transfer to specialties within the framework of one faculty and one university. In this case, you will be able to save a budget place (if you had one) and a priori spend less effort. But a transfer to a university, say, in another city, can take a lot of time.
You can get an education even in the absence of the necessary USE subjects in the form. The only question is how much time and effort you spend on it.
How is admission to universities and colleges
You submit a list of required documents to the admission committee and write applications with a request to accept you for training in the desired specialty. If you have already decided where to go to study after grade 11, you can check the list of documents directly on the website of the university or secondary school. You can also do this by calling the admissions office by phone. Do not forget to clarify whether it is possible to submit all kinds of documents and certificates confirming that you have certain benefits upon admission.
Then it remains only to wait and be in touch. Often, applicants submit documents with good USE results and go on vacation, being confident in their admission. In the meantime, they cannot be reached by the specialists of the selection committee, who have discovered a shortage of one or more documents. In this case, you may not enter a university or secondary school due to banal negligence. But whether it was yours or whether the selection committee specialist made a mistake will not be so important.
If you are on the list of applicants according to the results of the first wave, then you can safely bring the documents to the selection committee and confirm your admission. If you were not on the lists, you should wait for the results of the second wave. We recommend that you apply in advance to several universities or secondary schools. This always increases the chances of admission and gives the applicant additional guarantees. Use this opportunity, because you have absolutely nothing to lose - it is very easy to act according to the results of the Unified State Examination, in the vast majority of cases you do not need to pass internal exams.
Summary
After grade 11, you can enter a higher or secondary specialized educational institution. When choosing a university, one should be guided by ideas about the quality of education and the level of comfort of students during the period of study (scholarship, hostel, teaching staff, benefits). When choosing a profession, it is recommended to take into account not only your preferences, but also objective indicators of the prospects for a further device. Also, upon admission, it is recommended to submit documents to several educational institutions at once.
Evgenia Kuziner
Editor of the Info-Profi portal, employee of the Center for Youth Studies at the National Research University Higher School of Economics - St. Petersburg, specialist in vocational guidance.
