Text input and translation direction selection
Source text on Polish you need to print or copy to the top window and select the translation direction from the drop-down menu.For example, for Polish-Russian translation, you need to enter the text in Polish in the upper window and select the item from the drop-down menu with Polish, on Russian.
Next, press the key Translate, and you will receive the result of the translation under the form - Russian text.
Specialized Polish dictionaries
If the source text to be translated belongs to a specific industry, select the subject of a specialized Polish dictionary from the drop-down list, for example, Business, Internet, Law, Music and others. By default, a dictionary of general Polish vocabulary is used.Translation from Polish.
Due to the peculiarities of the pronunciation of the Poles, there may be serious problems with the Polish translation into Russian. In Polish, the stress is always on the penultimate syllable. A qualified translation from Polish is practically impossible without the translator's knowledge of English. This specificity largely determines the complexity of working with the Polish language.Among the things that you need to pay special attention to when choosing a translation from Polish into Russian words are Polish geographical names and their case forms, many of which sound unusual in Polish.
As with any other language, when translating Polish text, remember that your task is to convey the meaning, not to translate the text verbatim. It is important to find in the target language - Russian- semantic equivalents, and not pick up words from the dictionary.
The Polish alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet with diacritics ( ą , ć , ę , ł , ń , ó , ś , ź , ż ) and letter combinations to denote individual sounds ( ch, cz, dz, dź, dz, rz, sz, szcz).
2. Transliteration
Most letters and letter combinations are transmitted into Russian unambiguously:
| b | → b | d | → d | h | → X | ń | → ny | szcz | → sch | ||||
| c | → c | dz | → dz | k | → To | p | → P | t | → T | ||||
| ć | → ts | dz | → j | ł | → l | r | → R | w | → V | ||||
| ch | → X | f | → f | m | → m | s | → With | z | → h | ||||
| cz | → h | g | → G | n | → n | sz | → sh | ż | → and |
3. Context rules for vowels
At the beginning of a word e → uh, otherwise e → e: Eugeniusz → Eugeniush.
Letters ą And ę denote nasal vowels and are transmitted into Russian in the same way as combinations of the form simple vowel (o And e respectively) + nasal consonant (m before b or p, otherwise n). For example: Debicki → Dembitsky, Badkowo → Bondkovo. These letters do not occur at the beginning of a word.
Before a vowel i serves to indicate the softness of the preceding consonant, therefore ia → I, ie → e, io → yo, io (iu) → Yu.
4.J
Combinations j with vowels are transmitted in transcription as follows:
At the beginning of a word ja → I, je → e, jo → yo, jo (ju) → Yu;
After a vowel ja → I, je → e, jo → yo, jo (ju) → Yu;
after a consonant ja → ya, je → ye, jo → yo, jo (ju) → ew.
Before consonants and at the end of a word j → th: Andrzej → Andrzej.
5. Y
After hissing consonants ( cz, rz, sz, szcz, ż ) the rule applies y → And, in other cases y → s.
In personal names in the middle of a word y → And not only after hissing, but at the end of personal names y → uy: Krystyna → Christina, Walenty → Valenty.
The "transcriptor" makes no exceptions for personal names unknown to him.
6. Context rules for consonants
After voiceless consonants ( ch, k, p, t) and in front of them rz → sh, in other cases rz → and.
Before consonants ć , l, ń , dź, ś , ź and before other consonants followed by i: dź → dz, ś → With, ź → h. In other cases dź → dz, ś → camping, ź → sz.
Softness of sound l shown in transcription with the following vowel ( la → la, le → le, li → whether, lo → le, lo (lu) → lu), and at the end of a word or before a consonant - a soft sign: Emil → Emil, Lacaz → Lyatsaz.
7. Surname endings
In Russian, it is customary to convey the endings of Polish surnames in this way:
| -ski / -ska | → -sky / -sky |
| -cki / -cka | → -tsky / -tskaya |
| -dzki / -dzka | → -dsky (-dzy) / -dskaya (-dzskaya) |
Text input and translation direction selection
Source text on Russian language you need to print or copy to the top window and select the translation direction from the drop-down menu.For example, for Russian-Polish translation, you need to enter the text in Russian in the upper window and select the item from the drop-down menu with Russian, on Polish.
Next, press the key Translate, and you will receive the result of the translation under the form - polish text.
Specialized dictionaries of the Russian language
If the source text to be translated belongs to a specific industry, select the topic of a specialized Russian lexicon from the drop-down list, for example, Business, Internet, Laws, Music, and others. By default, a dictionary of general Russian vocabulary is used.Virtual keyboard for Russian layout
If Russian layout not on your computer, use the virtual keyboard. The virtual keyboard allows you to enter letters of the Russian alphabet using the mouse.Translation from Russian.
The main language problem when translating from Russian into Polish is the impossibility to achieve the economy of language means, since the Russian language is oversaturated with frequent abbreviations and polysemantic words. At the same time, many Russian long sentences are translated in one or two words in Polish dictionaries.When translating a text from Russian, the translator needs to use words not only from the active vocabulary, but also to use language constructs from the so-called passive vocabulary.
As with any other language, when translating Russian text, remember that your task is to convey the meaning, and not to translate the text literally. It is important to find in the target language - Polish- semantic equivalents, and not pick up words from the dictionary. Source text on Russian language
For example, for Russian-Polish translation, you need to enter the text in Russian in the upper window and select the item from the drop-down menu with Russian, on Polish.
Translate polish text.
Specialized dictionaries of the Russian language
If the source text to be translated belongs to a specific industry, select the topic of a specialized Russian lexicon from the drop-down list, for example, Business, Internet, Laws, Music, and others. By default, a dictionary of general Russian vocabulary is used.Virtual keyboard for Russian layout
If Russian layout not on your computer, use the virtual keyboard. The virtual keyboard allows you to enter letters of the Russian alphabet using the mouse.Translation from Russian.
The main language problem when translating from Russian into Polish is the impossibility to achieve the economy of language means, since the Russian language is oversaturated with frequent abbreviations and polysemantic words. At the same time, many Russian long sentences are translated in one or two words in Polish dictionaries.When translating a text from Russian, the translator needs to use words not only from the active vocabulary, but also to use language constructs from the so-called passive vocabulary.
As with any other language, when translating Russian text, remember that your task is to convey the meaning, and not to translate the text literally. It is important to find in the target language - Polish- semantic equivalents, and not pick up words from the dictionary.
Traveling is always exciting, because it's so nice to visit new places and get new impressions. But sometimes there is a problem of knowing the language, or rather, not knowing it. Moreover, when going to Poland, I would like to communicate exactly in Polish to immerse yourself in the local color. That is why every tourist will need a small Russian-Polish phrasebook.
So, you have finally arrived on a trip to Poland. Let's start our Russian-Polish phrasebook with greetings, which is an indispensable part of any conversation. Of course, the real pronunciation of some words is quite difficult to describe, but even with small errors in pronunciation, you will definitely be understood and helped. Let's not forget that All words are stressed on the penultimate syllable.
"Basic Forms of Communication"
| Russian language | Polish language | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Thank you | Dziękuję | Jenkuen |
| Thank you for your care / help / invitation / advice | Dziękuję za opieke / pomoc / zaproszenie / rade | Jankuen for custody / help / request / rad |
| Please | Prosze | Prosheng |
| I'm very pleased | Jestem bardzo zadowolony | Yestem bardzo satisfied |
| Please help me | Proszę mi pomoc | Proshen mi pomoots |
| Let me ask | Pozwólcie że zapytam | Let me call you |
| It's OK! | Nic nie szkodzi! | Nitz no shkoji |
| To health! | Na zdrowie! | Healthy! |
| Bon appetit! | Smacznego! | Smachnego! |
| I'm in hurry | Śpieszę sę | Shpeshen puppy |
| Yes | Tak | So |
| No | Nie | Not |
| I agree | Zgadzam się | Zgadzam puppy |
| It's clear | Jasne | Yasne |
| I don't mind | Nie mam nic przeciwko | Not mom prostrate pshetsivko |
| Unfortunately I don't have time | Niestety, nie mam czasu | Nestets, no time for moms |
| With pleasure | Z przyjemnoscią | 3 nightly |
"Railway station"
Upon arrival in Poland, you ended up at the train station. Let's name the following table "Station". But the phrases from it will help you for further travel.
| Russian language | Polish language | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| How to get to the ticket office? | Gdzie tu jest kasa biletowa? | Where does the casa of the ticket eat? |
| What time will the train to...? | O ktorej godzinie mam polaczenie do...? | About kturei gojina mam polonchen do...? |
| How many stations to go to...? | Jak wiele bedzie do...? | Yak led benje to...? |
| This platform number...? | Liczba ta platforma...? | Lichba that platform...? |
| Where should the transplant be done? | Gdzie trzeba sie przesiasc? | Gdzhe tsheba schen psheshchenschch? |
| From which platform does the train leave for...? | Z ktorego peronu odjezdza pociag do...? | Z kturego peronu clothes pochong do...? |
| Give me a sleeping car/second class ticket. | Prosze about bilet sypialny/drugiej klasy. | Please ask for a ticket for a sip / other swear. |
| What station? | So to za stacja? | What is the station? |
| Where is the dining car? | Gdzie znajduje sie wagon restauracyjny? | Where do you know the restaurate car? |
"Transport"
| Russian language | Polish language | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Where is the nearest bus/tram/trolleybus stop? | Gdzie jest najblizszy przystanek autobusowy / tramwaju / trolejbusowy? | Where is the nearest bus / tram / trolley bus? |
| Where is the nearest subway station? | Gdzie jest najblizsza stacja metra? | Where does the closest station of the meter eat? |
| What tram / bus / trolley bus can you get to...? | Jakim tramwajem / autobusem / trolejbusem moge dojechac do...? | What tram / bus / trolley bus can you get to ...? |
| Where should I change? | Gdzie sie mam przesiasc? | Where is puppy mom psheshchonchch? |
| How often do buses/trams run? | Jak czesto jezdza autobusy / tramwaje? | Yak chensto ezhong bus/tram? |
| What time does the first / last bus leave? | O ktorej godzinie pierwszy / ostatni autobus? | About kturei gojina first / leave the bus? |
| Could you tell me when I need to leave? | Prosze powiedziec, kiedy wysiasc? | Proshe povedzhech sneakers vyschonschch? |
| What time does the bus leave to...? | O ktorej godzinie odchodzi autobus do ...? | About kturei gojina odhoji bus to...? |
| Where can I get the bus to...? | Gdzie mozna pojechac autobusem do ...? | Where can I go by bus to...? |
"City, orientation"
| Russian language | Polish language | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Where is...? | Gdzie jest...? | Where is eating...? |
| How many kilometers to...? | Jak wiele kilometer do...? | Yak led a kilometer to ...? |
| How to find this address? | Jak znalezc ten addresses? | How did you know ten address? |
| Could you show on the map where I am now? | Czy moze mi pan (i) pokazac na mapie, w ktorym miejscu teraz jestem? | Can you show pan (s) on the map, in which time, teraz estem? |
| How long does it take to get there by car/walk? | Jak dlugo trzeba czekac, aby osiagnac tam samochodem / pieszo? | How long does it take to be a chekach, if only for a night there self-propelled / on foot? |
| Can you show on the map where this place is? | Mozna pokazac na mapie, gdzie to jest? | Can you show on the map, where does it eat? |
| How to get to the city center? | Jak dostac sie do centrum miasta? | How to get a puppy to the center area? |
| Are we on the right way to...? | Jedziemy do pravidlowego...? | Jedzemy to pravidlovego...? |
"Hotel"
If you went on a trip on your own, without the services of a travel agency, then you will definitely need to book a hotel or a hotel.
| Russian language | Polish language | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Do you have a single / double room in the hotel? | Masz jedno / dwuosobowy pokoj w hotelu? | Mash single / two-species pokuy in the hotel? |
| Do you have available rooms? | Czy ma pan (i) jakies wolne pokoje? | Che ma pan(s) yakeshch free peace? |
| I (dis)like this number. | Ten numer do mnie (nie) podoba. | Ten number to me (not) similar. |
| How much is a room with bath / breakfast / without breakfast / full board? | Ile jest pokoj z lazienka / sniadaniem / bez sniadania / pelne wyzywienie? | Ile eats rest with a lazhenka / schnyadan / without a schnyadan / paune survives? |
| Is there a cheaper/better room? | Tam jest wiele taniej / lepiej? | Does it eat vele tanei / lepi? |
| A hotel room is booked for me. | Mialem zarezerwowane dla pokoju hotelowego. | Meowem zarezervovane for the peace of the hotel. |
| What floor is the room on? | Na ktorym pietrze jest pokoj? | On which Pentshe eats rest? |
| Is there air conditioning/TV/telephone/refrigerator in the room? | Czy jest klimatyzacja / telewizor / telefon / lodowka? | What does the air conditioner / TV / telephone / ice blower eat? |
| When and where can you have breakfast? | Kiedy i gdzie mozna zjesc sniadanie? | Sneakers and where can I get sneakers? |
| What time is breakfast? | Ile sniadanie? | Ile shnyadane? |
| Do you have a buffet? | Czy masz szwedzki stol? | You mash swedish chair? |
| Can I leave it in a safe? | Moge zostawic w sejfie? | Can you put it in the safe? |
| Where are the toilets located? | Gdzie jest toaleta? | Where does he eat toilette? |
| Could you bring a blanket? | Moge przyniesc koc? | Moge pshineshchch kots? |
| There is no soap/towel/hot water in my room. | W moim pokoju nie ma mydlo / reczniki / goracej wody. | In my peace, not ma thought / renniki / mountaineers of water. |
| The switch / light / radio / air conditioning / fan / heating does not work. | Nie dziala przelacznik / swiatlo / radio / klimatyzacji / wentylatora / telewizor / ogrzewania. | Not djala pshelonnik / shvyatlo / radio / climate control / fan / TV / ogzhevanya. |
| Wake me... please. | Obudz mnie ... prosze. | Give me... proshen. |
| I'll pay in cash. | Replace gotowka. | Gotowcon paid. |
| I'll pay with a credit card. | Zaplace karta kredytowa. | Paid with a credit card. |
"Bar, restaurant, cafe, shop"
And of course, in the Russian-Polish phrasebook you will need phrases in order to refresh yourself or buy something in the store.
| Russian language | Polish language | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Could you recommend a good/inexpensive restaurant? | Czy moze pan (i) polecic dobry / tani restauracji? | Can you pan (and) treat good / tanya restauraci? |
| What time does the restaurant open/close? | Restauracja na co otwiera / zamyka? | Restauratsya on the hole / lock? |
| Where is the nearest restaurant? | Gdzie jest najblizsza restauracja? | Where does the closest restaurant eat? |
| I want to book a table for two / three / four. | Chcialbym zarezerwowac stolik dla dwoch / trzech / czterech. | Khchyalbym zarezervoch table for two / tsheh / chtereh. |
| Do you have a table in the corner / outside / near the window / in the non-smoking area? | Czy macie stolik w rogu / na zewnatrz / w poblizu okien / w zakaz palenia? | Chy mache table in the horn / on the zevnonzh / in the closer window / in the order of burning? |
| What do you recommend? | Co proponujemy? | Tso proponable? |
| Menu, please. | Poprosze menu. | Ask for the menu. |
| Do you have a special menu for diabetics? | Czy macie specjalne menu dla diabetykow? | What is the special menu for diabetics? |
| Do you have meals for children? | Czy macie dania dla dzieci? | Chy mache tribute for dzhechi? |
| Must be a mistake. I ordered)... | To musi byc pomylka. Zamowilem (a) ... | That muschi bull soap. Zamovilem(a)... |
| The check, please. | Prosze o rachunek. | Asked about rahuneck. |
| We liked. Thank you. | Podobalo nam sie to. Dziekuje. | It befits us a puppy. Genque. |
| Where is the nearest store? | Gdzie sie znajduje sklep? | Where does the puppy know the crypt? |
| Where can I buy...? | Gdzie moge kupic...? | Gje mogem kupich...? |
| Excuse me, do you have...? | Niestety, ma pan(i)...? | Niestaty, ma pan(s) ...? |
| Would like to buy... | Chcialbym kupic ... | Khchyalbym buy ... |
| Could you wrap it up for me? | Czy moze pan dac mi zwrocic? | Chi can pan dacha mi zvruchich? |
| How much does it cost? | Ile to kosztuje? | Ile then Koshtue? |
| Can I try it on? | Can you sprobovac? | Mugham try it? |
| Is there another color? | Czy jest inny color? | What does inna koler eat? |
| Is there a smaller/bigger size? | Czy sa rozmiar mniejszy / wiekszy? | What is rozmyar mneishi / venkshi? |
| I need a half kilo / kilo / two kilos | Potrzebuje pol kilo / kilogram / dwa kilograma | Potshebuen pul kilo / kilogram / two kilograms |
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Text input and translation direction selection
Source text on Ukrainian you need to print or copy to the top window and select the translation direction from the drop-down menu.For example, for Ukrainian-Polish translation, you need to enter the text in Ukrainian in the upper window and select the item from the drop-down menu with Ukrainian, on Polish.
Next, press the key Translate, and you will receive the result of the translation under the form - polish text.
Specialized dictionaries of the Ukrainian language
If the source text for translation belongs to a specific industry, select the topic of a specialized Ukrainian lexicon from the drop-down list, for example, Business, Internet, Laws, Music and others. By default, a dictionary of general Ukrainian vocabulary is used.Virtual keyboard for Ukrainian layout
If Ukrainian layout not on your computer, use the virtual keyboard. The virtual keyboard allows you to enter letters of the Ukrainian alphabet with the mouse.Translation from Ukrainian.
Modern Ukrainian literary language has 38 phonemes, 6 vowels and 32 consonants. When translating from Ukrainian into Polish, it must be taken into account that the vocabulary mainly contains words of common Slavic origin. However, there are many words that were formed in the Ukrainian language during its independent historical development, there are borrowings from other languages, not necessarily from Polish.The Ukrainian language is one of the most beautiful languages in the world. Among all languages, the Ukrainian language ranks second after Italian in terms of melodiousness.
As in the case of any other language, when translating Ukrainian text, remember that your task is to convey the meaning, and not a literal translation of the text. It is important to find in the target language - Polish- semantic equivalents, and not pick up words from the dictionary.
The division of the Slavic languages into Western, Southern and Eastern occurred after the settlement of the Slavs in the early Middle Ages. , and Polish made up the western group of Slavic languages. These languages differ in many ways, but native speakers of these languages can communicate without an interpreter.
The formation of the Polish language coincides in time with the formation of the state. In the second half of the 10th century, the Polish prince Mieszko I converted to Christianity, and soon he managed to unite several Slavic tribes. The unifying factor was the language and related culture. Together with Christianity, oral Polish acquired the Latin script. Documents with Polish proper names have been preserved. In particular, the oldest is Dagome iudex - an act on the transfer of land under the protection of the Pope. The act dates from 990–992. and contains a list and description of the transferred lands and cities of Gniezno and Krakow.
The penetration of the Latin language into Polish made it possible to form the first spelling rules in the 13th century, on the basis of which the ecclesiastical version of the Polish language subsequently developed. The first handwritten texts in Polish were prayers and sermons translated from .
In 1440, the first attempt was made to systematize the Polish language. A scientific work on Polish orthography was compiled in Latin. Around the same time, the language began to be used in jurisprudence and in court proceedings. The first cookbook in Polish was published.
The first dictionary appeared only four centuries later (1814). Samuil Bogumil Linde compiled a six-volume dictionary published in 1,200 copies. Linde described 60,000 Polish words in his dictionary. The 18th century is characterized by the entry into the Polish language of lexemes from the French dictionary. Many representatives of the Polish elite of that time preferred to communicate in. From that time, the words makijaz, mansarda, koniak and many others remained.
In the 19th century, German and Russian borrowings penetrated the Polish language, which is explained by the conquest of Poland by Germany and Russia. The second wave of Russian borrowings dates back to the period of World War II.
In the second half of the 20th century, it spread in Poland and borrowings poured into Polish so actively that by the beginning of the new century linguists stopped talking about the influence of the English language. Anglicisms make up terminology related to computer science, sports, music, economics, and everyday life.
- The grammar and phonetics of the Polish language are so complex that it is considered one of the most difficult languages to learn.
- Almost all Polish words are stressed on the penultimate syllable.
- Similar words in Russian and Polish can have opposite meanings. For example, uroda is beauty, woń is fragrance, zapominać is to forget, dworzec is a station, dywan is a carpet.
- In Polish, you can say goodbye and say hello with one word Cześć (cheschch), which can mean "Hello" and "Bye".
- Poles believe that family life can be happy if the marriage is concluded in a month with the letter "p" - Lipiec (July), Sierpień (August), Listopad (November).
- The longest Polish word is konstantynopolitańczykowianeczkówna. It translates as "the unmarried daughter of a resident of Constantinople." This is a joke word invented and, of course, not used. The Polish language allows for a play on words on which many funny sayings are built. The Poles also came up with the richest vocabulary of obscene words, surpassing even Russian.
- In Poland, waiters may offer you kawusia (coffee) instead of kawa. This does not come from a lack of respect, it's just that the Poles adopted diminutive forms in everyday life.
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