David Tzor emotional intelligence. David Caruso: Emotional intelligence is more important than IQ in business

The concept (EI) has been introduced into business circulation by numerous MBA schools, where entire courses are dedicated to teaching this discipline. The book by David Caruso and Peter Salovey “The Emotional Intelligence of a Leader. How to develop and apply” will make this knowledge accessible to the Russian reader.

Emotional intelligence is understood as a set of emotional and intuitive characteristics that help a manager make decisions without preliminary analysis, based on his own experience and understanding of the characteristics of human behavior and emotions. The abbreviation EI is familiar to anyone who seriously studies management theory.

About the authors

INTERESTING! The university is part of the famous Ivy League, whose graduates traditionally occupy leading positions in the US administration.

As one of the authors of the concept of EI, together with Peter Salovey, he co-authored the famous MSCEIT test (The Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Tests). He has been teaching the skills of its use to senior managers all over the world for many years, and he has worked with a number of business representatives in Russia.

Peter Salovey is an American social psychologist who served as the 23rd president of Yale University. He has written about 10 books and hundreds of articles devoted to the study of emotions.

Prices for David Caruso, Peter Salovey The emotional intelligence of a leader

About the book

The book completely changes the way you look at emotions in the life of a business leader. If previously all management theories assumed the need to hide emotions and show subordinates and partners one’s impartiality and detachment, modern theories consider the manifestation of feelings and their management as one of the effectively working management tools.

The structure of emotional intelligence includes the abilities:

• recognize the emotions of the interlocutor;
• perceive and evaluate the intentions of the interlocutor;
• manage your emotions;
• manage the emotions of others;
• use these personal skills to solve practical problems.

The formation of a holistic concept of EI is impossible without intuition and the ability to be charming. The authors, in order to more accurately measure human abilities and to develop a test, narrowed this concept a little and included in it:

• perceiving the emotions of others and identifying one’s own;
• using emotions to stimulate one's own thinking;
• understanding the causes of emotions, the ability to grasp the transition between emotion and thought;
• managing emotions.

For each group of emotions, actions are proposed that are best carried out in this particular state. So, sadness will be the optimal state for editing documents and dealing with complaints, anger is good for motivating employees and conducting tough negotiations, joy is good for brainstorming or team building.

At the same time, EI is not considered a static phenomenon, once given to a person and frozen, but as a set of abilities that need to be developed. Emotions are seen as a catalyst for decision-making, a way to accelerate the development of mental abilities. The authors provide methods for such development.

The concept of “being funny is more profitable than being smart” does not fully reflect the idea of ​​the book, but it does give a general understanding of how exactly you can use emotions to achieve success.

What readers say about the book

Reviews from readers of the book are not very diverse. Most of them are already familiar with the basic postulates of the book and the significance of the authors’ theory, which is why the reviews are written complimentary.

The study of “Emotional Intelligence of a Leader” must be carried out in conjunction with passing tests developed by the authors and keeping an observation diary, in this case the effect of reading it will be significantly higher, readers believe.

David Caruso can be safely classified as one of those professionals about whom they say: “He stood at the origins...”. David Caruso is one of the compilers of perhaps the most famous methodological test, the results of which can reveal the level of emotional intelligence (EQ msceit).

Emotionally intelligent management

In the process of scientific research, scientists trained several thousand managers from all over the world to apply acquired skills in practice and developed a test to determine the level of emotional intelligence.

Teaming up with fellow American scientists Peter Salovey and John Mayer, Caruso, after numerous experiments devoted to the study of EQ, put the results on paper and then published them. According to the co-authors of the book, one of whom is David Caruso, emotional intelligence (the book is called “The Emotional Intelligence of a Leader”) is an important link in business relationships.

The collaborating scientists mentioned above came together to collaborate approximately 30 years ago. According to the authors of the book, the mental abilities of an excited person (or emotional intelligence) consist of several “applications”:

• conscious settlement of impressions;

• understanding emotions;

• fusion of feelings in thinking;

• ability to recognize and express emotions.

In addition to many academic articles and the aforementioned book that sheds light on emotional intelligence management, David Caruso (films on this topic can be found on YouTube and other video content) and his followers are the creators of thematic video lessons.

Activities of David Caruso

David Caruso has scientific developments in the field of psychology and two years of experience in the department of psychological development at Yale University. The result of the work done was a doctorate and membership in the State Institute of Mental Health in the United States of America.

Despite this track record, David Caruso is not an indifferent theorist. Remaining devoted to science, he was involved in research of a different nature, dedicated to “earthly” matters: strategic planning and building a product line. In addition, Caruso led production teams, developed new products and took care of the qualifications of service personnel.

Today, as the owner of his own company, Dr. Caruso conducts business training on developing leadership skills and assessing career opportunities, not forgetting about consulting in the field of emotional intelligence.

Activities EI Skills

The EI Skills company, the creator and owner of which is David Caruso (emotional intelligence and everything connected with it is the company’s field of activity), has taken upon itself the organization and conduct of trainings for professional coaches, among whom are people of different nationalities and citizens of different countries: Americans, Brazilians, Peruvians, Canadians, Japanese, Koreans, Russians, Arabians, English, Spanish, Italians, French, Germans, Lithuanians, Australians and Indians.

The concept of “emotional intelligence” appeared and then spread in Western scientific circles in 1990. It consists of experience, skills and habits acquired in the process of perception, and the ability to manage one’s emotions.

Unlike dissident specialists, David Caruso sees a close connection between emotional intelligence and traditional intelligence, since emotions, in his opinion, can also be carriers of information.

Emotional intelligence: what is it?

There are several answers to this question. This is what David Caruso, one of the authors of this concept, thinks. It all depends on who exactly the question is asked, how it can be interpreted and through what methods it can be applied in practice. Recently, many consultants, business trainers, and psychotherapists have appeared who use the concept of “emotional intelligence” in their practice.

Recently, the concept of emotional intelligence has begun to be used in relation to many other concepts, such as self-confidence, sensitivity, and communication skills. Official science considers the concept of emotional intelligence as the ability to perceive and “digest” information contained in feelings, as well as determine the meaning of the latter and their relationship.

The goal of scientific research is to teach a person to use the information contained in emotions as a knowledge base necessary for mastering the principles of effective thinking and the ability to make decisions independently.

The technique is a test aimed at measuring emotional intelligence within the framework of the concept proposed by the authors. The test consists of 8 sections, 2 of which are presented with non-verbal material, and 6 with verbal material. The structure of the test is very similar to classic “intelligence tests”, such as the Wechsler Test or the Guilford Social Intelligence Test.

Theoretical basis

Main article: Emotional intellect

This technique is built on the basis of one of the most extensive and detailed theoretical structures describing emotional intelligence:

Validation

Original technique

In the process of validating the original American version of the method in English, two principles for assessing responses were used: expert and consensus. The expert option assumes that there are correct and incorrect answers; those selected by a group of experts in this field are considered correct (or more correct) (as, for example, this was done when validating the TOBOL questionnaire). The consensus option assumes that the correct option is the one chosen by the majority of the population sample when initially tested. In the American version of the test, preference was given to the expert principle of assessing answers.

During the validation process, the four-factor model of the test structure was also confirmed.

Russian version

In the process of validating the Russian version of the test, expert assessments were not used; preference was given to the consensus approach.

Also, during the validation process, the four-factor model of the test structure was not confirmed; a two-factor model, including the “experienced” and “strategic” domains of emotional abilities, turned out to be more reliable. The “experienced” domain corresponds to the factors of the original methodology of the ability to perceive, evaluate and express emotions and the ability to emotionally facilitate thinking; “strategic” - the ability to understand and analyze emotional information and the ability to reflectively regulate emotions.

Internal structure

The technique consists of 8 sections. For each component of the emotional intelligence model of J. Mayer, P. Salovey and D. Caruso, there are 2 sections.

I. Perception, assessment and expression of emotions or identification of emotions - sections A(measurement of face perception) and E(measurement of picture perception). II. Using emotions to improve the efficiency of thinking and activity - sections B(measures the ability to assimilate one’s current experience, describe one’s feelings towards a specific person) and F(measures a person's ability to describe their emotional states). III. Understanding and analyzing emotions - sections C(we studied the understanding of the flow of emotions over time, as well as the understanding of how emotions follow one another and replace each other) and G(measuring the ability to distinguish between mixed and complex feelings). IV. Conscious management of emotions for personal growth and improvement of interpersonal relationships - sections D(managing your emotions) and H(managing other people's emotions). The subjects were asked to imagine themselves in the place of the heroes of the story proposed to them and evaluate options for further actions. Section A consists of 4 photographs of people’s faces, which must be assessed according to the degree of expression of 5 emotions to the test participant. There are 7 emotions in total in the section: happiness, sadness, fear, anger, disgust, surprise, excitement. The severity of emotions is assessed on a 5-point scale from 1 - Least expressed to 5 - Strongly expressed. Section B consists of 5 verbal tasks aimed at understanding what emotions contribute to more effective performance of various types of activities. The test participant must determine how useful it will be to experience a particular emotion in a given situation. In total, each question offers 3 emotions, which are rated on a 5-point scale from 1 - Doesn't help to 5 - Helps. Section C consists of 20 descriptions of various situations with 6 answer options each, in which the characters experience different emotional states. Understanding the situational conditioning of emotions involves both a cognitive understanding of the meaning of the situation and the experience of experiencing similar states. For each question you must choose the most appropriate answer. Section D focuses on the ability to effectively manage your emotions. The section offers 5 stories that describe certain events. Each story offers 4 continuation options. The subject must evaluate each continuation of the story from the point of view of how such actions can lead to a good mood or its preservation in the main character. The rating is made on a 5-point scale from a - Very ineffective to e - Very effective. Section E, also included in the scale of perception and identification of emotions, represents 6 non-verbal tests that should reveal the ability to capture general moods contained in the environment: concrete landscapes and abstract forms. Each picture must be assessed according to its degree of expression, choosing from 5 emotions. As in section A, a set of 7 emotions is presented: happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, disgust, fear, excitement. However, the severity of each emotion should be assessed not on a scale from 1 to 5, but with the help of schematic pictures. Each emotion is accompanied by a series of 5 images of a schematic face that expresses this emotion from the least manifestation to the strongest. Section F This scale also consists of 5 verbal tasks aimed at searching for designations of emotional states and connecting verbalized emotion and undifferentiated sensation. Section G consists of 12 statements that reveal the degree of understanding of the meaning of certain emotions, the complexity of combining emotions in one feeling. Section H aims to assess the ability to manage the emotions of other people. It offers 3 situations. Each situation describes the history of the relationship and the possibilities of understanding how to influence them. There are 3 options for continuing this relationship. The subject must rate on a 5-point scale the effectiveness of actions in each continuation to maintain good relationships. The rating is given from a - Very ineffective to e - Very effective.

Interpretation

General principles

The scoring algorithm begins by calculating the 8 sections of the test. Each test taker's response is assigned a score based on consensus or sample frequency. The next step is to calculate the average score for each section. Next, the scores for each branch are calculated, which represent the average between the scores for the sections. The overall score is calculated as the average of all 8 sections of the test.

Translation into walls

Conversion of raw MSCEIT scores into walls for men

Walls	Emotion identification		Understanding and analyzing emotions	Conscious management of emotions	Total score
1	0,197-0,267	0,213-0,249	0,165-0,297	0,145-0,215	0,051-0,275
2	0,268-0,299	0,25-0,273	0,298-0,331	0,216-0,237	0,276-0,298
3	0,3-0,331	0,274-0,298	0,332-0,365	0,238-0,259	0,299-0,322
4	0,332-0,363	0,299-0,322	0,366-0,399	0,26-0,281	0,323-0,345
5	0,363-0,395	0,323-0,347	0,4-0,433	0,282-0,303	0,346-0,369
6	0,396-0,427	0,348-0,371	0,444-0,467	0,304-0,325	0,37-0,392
7	0,428-0,459	0,372-0,396	0,468-0,501	0,326-0,347	0,393-0,416
8	0,46-0,491	0,397-0,42	0,502-0,535	0,348-0,369	0,417-0,439
9	0,492-0,523	0,421-0,445	0,536-0,569	0,37-0,391	0,44-0,463
10	0,524-0,58	0,446-0,447	0,569-0,586	0,392-0,412	0,464-0,482

Converting raw MSCEIT scores into scores for women

Walls	Emotion identification	Using emotions to solve problems	Understanding and analyzing emotions	Conscious management of emotions	Total score
1	0,197-0,299	0,201-0,275	0,171-0,342	0,184-0,241	0,251-0,32
2	0,3-0,328	0,276-0,298	0,343-0,37	0,242-0,261	0,321-0,337
3	0,329-0,358	0,299-0,321	0,371-0,399	0,262-0,282	0,338-0,355
4	0,359-0,387	0,322-0,344	0,4-0,427	0,283-0,302	0,356-0,372
5	0,388-0,417	0,345-0,367	0,428-0,456	0,303-0,323	0,373-0,39
6	0,418-0,446	0,368-0,39	0,457-0,484	0,324-0,343	0,391-0,407
7	0,447-0,476	0,391-0,413	0,485-0,513	0,344-0,364	0,408-0,425
8	0,477-0,505	0,414-0,436	0,514-0,541	0,365-0,384	0,425-0,442
9	0,506-0,535	0,436-0,459	0,542-0,57	0,384-0,405	0,443-0,46
10	0,536-0,548	0,46-0,476	0,571-0,597	0,405-0,408	0,461-0,75

Practical significance

The results of a psychometric test of the characteristics of the Russian translation of the MSCEIT V. 2.0 test “Emotional Intelligence” show that this technique meets the minimum requirements for research methods and can be used specifically for these purposes. The identified individual low psychometric indicators do not prevent the use of the test, but indicate the need for further work on adaptation and standardization of the test.

The authors of the adaptation report that first of all, work will be carried out with “weak” test items that affect the reliability of the test. Work has already begun to compare MSCEIT V. 2.0 with other methods that study emotional intelligence and emotional regulation. According to the authors of the adaptation, the results of a comparison of reliability coefficients for all primary and total scales of the test show that, in general, the reliability coefficients in the Russian sample are inferior to the American ones, but at certain levels of generalization they become sufficient to recognize the test as psychometrically adequate. Reliability coefficients range from 0.79 (E scale) to 0.30 (H scale).

Stimulus material

Test pad

Answer form

Literature

1. Sergienko E.A., Vetrova I.I. Test by J. Mayer, P. Salovey and D. Caruso “Emotional Intelligence” (MSCEIT V. 2.0). Management. Publishing house "Institute of Psychology RAS". Moscow - 2010.

David Caruso, Doctor of Psychology, Professor of Psychology at Yale University, co-authored the concept of emotional intelligence, one of the new business management tools. This week in Digital October Caruso gave a lecture where he talked about how the success of a company is determined not only by the intelligence and intelligence of its employees, but also by positive emotions and positive social behavior. According to Caruso, the best prospects in business are those with a positive attitude and the ability to empathize.

The concept of emotional intelligence, co-authored by Caruso, helps build effective communications in management. According to the professor, it is necessary to be able to use emotions to stimulate thinking. Understanding emotions allows you to predict the reactions of other people. Another important skill is managing emotions. Caruso believes that you need to be open to emotions in order to understand the situation from all sides. It is also necessary to be able to properly influence yourself and others in order to engage these emotions in the best possible way.

Caruso is confident that a positive attitude of a leader leads to better coordination at work and, accordingly, to less labor costs: “Everything you say, all your actions, one way or another, affect the mood of your work group and the effectiveness of its work. And first of all, this concerns leader. Regular positive emotions and optimism of a leader lead to higher performance indicators. The worst failures in business are also associated with excessive manifestations of optimism. There should always be critics in the team - the devil's advocates. Optimism is a wonderful trait, but all emotions are needed at different moments of business cycle for solving various problems."

Why aren't all smart people successful?

Emotional intelligence can be assessed and measured, the professor believes. Many people consider intelligence and IQ level to be the main determinant of success. “In fact, in many companies, many people have everything in order with their heads and brains, but not everyone achieves success, of course, it is better to be smart than an idiot, but this is not enough,” says Caruso. An interesting survey was conducted of 250 top IT managers, they were asked what most determines the success of a leader? Which leader can be considered truly outstanding? Look at the answers we received: vision, motivation, ability to empathize, and we didn’t give any hints to people, it’s them We came up with everything ourselves."

He also noted that Google pays close attention to research on the topic of success and success. “You might be surprised to learn that when recruiting new employees, Google is, of course, interested in a person's technical knowledge and skills, but this is the priority item? 8. In short, intelligence is important, but you can’t just hire smart people and think that everything it will work out,” he says.

The professor notes that if you hire an intelligent person with high emotional intelligence, then fewer conflicts arise around them; moreover, they demonstrate a greater propensity for social behavior. If you make such a person a manager, a leader, then he will be much better than others able to rally the staff around him and ensure faster achievement of planned targets.

Emotional Tools

Caruso also noted that everyone knows leaders who achieve goals by walking over corpses and those for whom everyone wants to work. He considers this fact an excellent illustration of the importance of emotional intelligence. “Emotional intelligence is also important because charismatic leaders have the ability to infect other people with their emotions. High emotional intelligence ensures greater loyalty of staff and ensures greater involvement,” says the professor. “First of all, we teach people to recognize other people’s emotions, control and correctly express them. Please turn to your colleague on the right or behind and express some good emotion - joy, happiness. Turn to your neighbor, no matter where he is, send him something positive. Maybe if the person If you are unfamiliar with it, you will feel insecure, but if you want to become an emotional leader, you need to practice."

In conclusion, the professor noted that emotions contain very important information; the life of every organization is filled with them, so a leader must learn to cope with them and manage them. You can, of course, ignore them, but that won’t make them go away.

Dear friends, We are pleased to inform you that registration of participants for David Caruso’s practical course “Emotional Intelligence as a Management Tool” is open.

David R. Caruso— Ph. D., professor at Yale University. He is one of the founders of the original scientific concept of Emotional Intelligence, co-author of the test for determining the level of emotional intelligence - MSCEIT (Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test - the most developed and relevant testing methodology emotional intelligence).

David Caruso conducts training programs for specialists in the USA, Canada, Japan, Dubai, Spain, Germany, Lithuania, Australia and India. In business, he has held various positions in marketing research, strategic planning and sales management; has experience in numerous developments and implementation of marketing strategies for promoting new product lines in the United States and Europe.

1. Perceive, be aware of your emotions and recognize the emotions of other people.
2. Use emotions to effectively solve problems in business and personal life.
3. Understand and analyze emotions and the reasons for their occurrence.
4. Consciously manage your own emotions and those of others.

These methods and techniques serve as a template or, more simply put, are called the Emotional Intelligence Development Plan. Workshop participants gain self-understanding, develop new skills, but most importantly, they learn a process that they can use to solve difficult situations and problems in their work and life.

The uniqueness and attractiveness of this concept of Emotional Intelligence lies in the fact that it offers a different perspective on human mental abilities. Emotions are considered in collaboration with reason, and not in opposition to each other, that is, intellectual work with emotions aimed at the success and effectiveness of both a specific person and an entire organization.

Exercises and techniques from D. Caruso’s program:

• "Emotional Intelligence Development Plan." Presenting a 4-step, structured approach to emotions and problem solving. Participants make their own plans during the workshop.
• "7 Ways to Communicate Using Emotional Expression." Many of the ways we communicate are non-verbal and these techniques encourage participants to better recognize and express a range of emotions.
• "Moods corresponding to tasks." There is no need to be happy all the time! In fact, this technique helps people solve different tasks according to their different moods for more optimal performance.
• "Ways to consciously manage emotions." Sometimes we all suppress emotions, but we do it in a primitive way. Let's consider and analyze modern techniques for managing and expressing emotions.
• "Smart Emotions" We analyze examples of “smart emotions”, learn self-control and thoughtful expression of emotions to obtain the best result. We use emotions as resources necessary to make the right decisions.
• "Reading People" In many cultures, emotions are displayed by people only for a short time and then muted. Micro-expressions training increases your level of emotion recognition.
• "Leader-mood." This technique is dedicated to identifying the role of emotions in company leadership and team management.
• "Rules of Cultural Identification". Emotions have universal roots, but each one has unique rules about which emotions are best shown and which ones are hidden.

About the basic program of the course "Development of emotional intelligence"

Today, the methodology is adapted for specialized, corporate and individual training programs, such as “Emotional Intelligence of a Leader”, “The Art of Emotional Selling”, “Emotional Leadership”, “Emotional Intelligence as Corporate Culture”, “Public Speaking Skills”, “Human Resource Management” " and etc.

This is a multi-level program that allows you to develop emotional competence, understand the true role and influence of emotions on the success of people and businesses, learn to manage emotions in various life situations, control and influence the emotional climate in a team.

The scientific director of the program for the development of emotional intelligence in Russia is Elena Khlevnaya (MBA, Ph. D. in Economics and Psychology, Head of Laboratory of behavioral economics and analytical consulting REU of Plekhanov).

The Russian program of the Course "Development of Emotional Intelligence" was approved by the international scientific community at the 4th International Scientific Congress "International Congress on Emotional Intelligence (ICEI) in 2013, as well as at the 28th International Congress on Applied Psychology in Paris in 2014 .

You can join the group of the basic level of the course “Development of Emotional Intelligence”, where you will get acquainted with new techniques and methodology for developing emotional competencies and emotional intelligence.

All participants receive a free MSCEIT test (determining the level of emotional intelligence).

A 2-day Tutor master block will be held for professional business trainers.

Development of professional skills and competencies of Tutors for the development of Emotional Intelligence according to the standards of the European Association of Cultural and Emotionally Intelligent Projects (E.A. C.E. I.P.) Integration of professional tools necessary for joining the association.

Details on the website.

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