Oxygen (21%)
Nitrogen (78%)
Air is a mixture of gases.
Carbon dioxide
water vapor,
impurities
Necessary for breathing
supports combustion
Oxygen
Necessary for life
plants
Nitrogen
Essential for plant growth and life
participates in heating the Earth
Carbon dioxide
oxygen consumer,
carbon dioxide supplier
oxygen supplier,
consumer
carbon dioxide
plants
Man and animals
Upper atmosphere
stratosphere
troposphere
Air pollution
5 billion tons of carbon dioxide daily
released into the Earth's atmosphere.
1. Air contains the most gas
A) oxygen
B) nitrogen
B) carbon dioxide
2.Oxygen in the air
A)33%
B)78%
AT 21%
3. A layer of gas that protects the Earth from ultraviolet rays
A) ozone
B) carbon dioxide
B) nitrogen
4. Gas, part of air, which supports combustion
A) oxygen
B) nitrogen
B) carbon dioxide
5.Oxygen supplier
A) man and animals
B) plants
B) animals and plants
6. Air temperature in the troposphere with altitude...
A) decreases
B)increases
B) does not change
Checking
- - B 1 ERROR - “5”
2. – B 2 ERROR - “4”
3. – A 3 ERROR “3”
4. – A
5 B
6. – A
- 1) It's almost invisible.
- 2) There is a lot of it in an industrial city, where there are many plants and factories.
- 3) This causes people to develop asthma, bronchitis, and cancer.
- 4) Green plants can collect this on their green leaves.
- 5) In the city, where there is a lot of this, lichens do not grow.
- (gas waste)
- 1) It is always black.
- 2) It is released during combustion.
- 3) Causes illness in a person, and his clothes become dirty.
- (soot)
1.Study paragraph 27, answer the questions at the end of the paragraph;
2.Know new concepts.
Enable Effects
1 of 13
Disable effects
View similar
Embed code
In contact with
Classmates
Telegram
Reviews
Add your review
Abstract for the presentation
A presentation on the topic "Atmosphere" in geography will help to develop knowledge about the atmosphere. Introduces the greenhouse effect, the ozone shield, and the importance of the atmosphere for our planet. It will help the teacher in conducting the lesson, contains questions to reinforce the material.
- Spheres of the earth
- Atmospheric composition
- Greenhouse effect
- Ozone screen
- The structure of the atmosphere
- The meaning of atmosphere
To conduct a lesson by a teacher
Format
pptx (powerpoint)
Number of slides
Lemeshkin A.P.
Audience
Words
Abstract
Present
Purpose
Slide 1
Presentation for a 6th grade geography lesson
MBOU Lemeshkinskaya secondary school, Volgograd region
Slide 2
We have to answer the questions:
- What is the atmosphere?
- What does the atmosphere consist of?
- What is the structure of the atmosphere?
Slide 3
SPHERES OF THE EARTH
- ATMOSPHERE
- M.V. Lomonosov 1775
Slide 4
COMPOSITION OF THE ATMOSPHERE
Slide 5
GREENHOUSE EFFECT
- Carbon dioxide and water vapor “save” the planet’s heat
Slide 6
OZONE SCREEN
- Ultraviolet rays Ozone layer
Slide 7
STRUCTURE OF THE ATMOSPHERE
- 55 km
- 8-18 km
- 1000 km
Slide 8
Slide 9
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE ATMOSPHERE
Slide 10
ANSWER THE QUESTIONS
- What gas is in the air the most?
- What air gas is needed for photosynthesis?
- What air gas is needed for combustion, decay and respiration?
- Why are ozone holes a dangerous phenomenon?
- What is the name of the layer of the atmosphere where you and I live?
- Why do they take oxygen in cylinders in addition to the fuel supply for flights to the stratosphere?
Slide 11
ARE THE LESSON OBJECTIVES ACHIEVED?
- What is the atmosphere?
- What does the atmosphere consist of?
- What is the structure of the atmosphere?
- What is the importance of the atmosphere for our planet?
Slide 12
HOMEWORK
- §23 learn, § 24 (pp. 90-91) read
- Find information on the Internet about the name of the upper layers of the atmosphere and their characteristics
- Bring recordings of air temperature observations to the workshop.
Slide 13
Resources used
- Scanned tables from the textbook by V.P. Dronov, L.E. Savelyeva “Geography. Geography" 6th grade - "Bustard", 2007
View all slides
Abstract
Lemeshkin Alexander Petrovich,
Goals:educational –
developing
educational
Equipment
During the classes
Organizing time
Learning new material
Lesson topic: “Atmosphere” ( slide 1)
During the lesson we will answer the questions:
What is the atmosphere called?
What does it consist of?
The structure of the atmosphere.
slide 2)
Lithosphere (define)
slide 3)
Atmospheric composition
slide 4
Oxygen
slide 4, by click)
Carbon dioxide
slide 5, click on it)
Nitrogen
slide 5, click)
Air impurities
Ozone
(slide 6)
solid impurities
The structure of the atmosphere
slide 7
The structure of the atmosphere
Layers of the atmosphere | Upper limit (km) | Features of air | Presence of moisture and clouds | Temperature Features |
Troposphere | 8-10 or 16-18 km | Contains 4/5 of all air | ||
Stratosphere | Contains thin air | |||
Upper atmosphere | Approximately 1000 km | There is almost no air | No moisture or clouds |
1st group:
2nd group:
3rd group:
4th group:
5th group:
6th group:
Protection against falling meteorites
(slide 9)
Consolidation
Answer the questions (slide 10):
Reflection.
(slide 11)
Homework (slide 12)
Lemeshkin Alexander Petrovich,
Geography teacher MBOU Lemeshkinsky secondary school
Rudnyansky district, Volgograd region
Geography lesson in 6th grade “Atmosphere, its composition, structure and meaning”
Goals:educational – deepen knowledge about the atmosphere, study the composition of the air, the structure of the atmosphere and the characteristics of the layers, the importance of the atmosphere for the nature of the Earth;
developing– develop universal learning activities: the ability to independently set goals and plan work, work with a textbook, fill out tables, analyze, compare;
educational– continue the formation of environmental thinking and interest in natural sciences, develop the ability to work in pairs, evaluate the work of comrades and self-esteem
Equipment: presentation, handouts - tables for self-completion
During the classes
Organizing time
Greeting students, getting ready to work
Learning new material
Determining the topic and objectives of the lesson
Guys, guess the riddle: “We live at the bottom of the ocean. It, like an invisible blanket, surrounds the Earth and creates a shell called ... (atmosphere)."
So what will we study in today's lesson?
Lesson topic: “Atmosphere” ( slide 1)
What exactly will we need to learn about the atmosphere? Suggest your options for lesson objectives
During the lesson we will answer the questions:
What is the atmosphere called?
What does it consist of?
The structure of the atmosphere.
The importance of the atmosphere for the Earth. (Lesson objectives open at slide 2)
Definition of "atmosphere"
What is atmosphere? (listen to different versions, choose the best one and write it down in a notebook)
Atmosphere is the air envelope of the Earth. This term was proposed by M.V. Lomonosov in 1775.
Guys, what other shells of the Earth do you know?
Lithosphere (define)
Hydrosphere (define) (open slide 3)
Atmospheric composition
So, let's move on to studying the composition of the atmosphere. What do you know about this issue?
(Air is a mixture of gases. It consists of oxygen, carbon dioxide (perhaps some of the students will name nitrogen) I open slide 4– diagram on click. I wonder what the composition of the atmosphere is and what proportion each gas occupies in the atmosphere?
For a few minutes we will turn into chemists of the 17th and 18th centuries studying this question.
Oxygen
Air is invisible, so how can we prove that it contains oxygen? (If there were no oxygen, there would be no breathing or combustion)
How to determine what part of the air is oxygen? (Phosphorus, the combustion products of which are not gaseous, was burned under a glass bell lowered into a bowl of water. The water in the bell rose by 1/5. What% of oxygen is in the air? That’s right, 20%, or more precisely, 21%) ( slide 4, by click)
Carbon dioxide
How do we prove that there is carbon dioxide in the air? (Living things release it when they breathe; if it were not there, plants would not have photosynthesis) Do you think there is a lot of carbon dioxide in the air? (Little) Why? (It is absorbed by plants) That's right, there is very little carbon dioxide in the air, only 0.03%. How are carbon dioxide stores replenished, other than by breathing? (Fuel burning and volcanic eruptions)
At the dawn of our planet, the ratio of atmospheric gases was completely different. There was a lot of carbon dioxide, but there was no oxygen at all. Why did the composition of the atmosphere change? (Living creatures appeared, plants changed the composition of the atmosphere)
Carbon dioxide, in addition to participating in photosynthesis, plays another important role on Earth: together with water vapor, it retains heat in the atmosphere (a story about the greenhouse effect, slide 5, click on it)
Nitrogen
So, oxygen in the atmosphere is 21%, carbon dioxide is 0.03%, but what gas occupies most of the atmosphere? Find information in the textbook in Fig. 80 (Nitrogen, its 78%) ( slide 5, click)
Nitrogen literally means “lifeless.” The scientist who discovered it in the atmosphere put a mouse under a cap with nitrogen, and it died. Why did the mouse die? (There was no oxygen). It is now argued that nitrogen, on the contrary, is one of the most important elements in living things. Without it there would be no proteins or DNA. Nitrogen from the air is captured by soil bacteria and converted into salts, and plants absorb it from the soil through their roots.
Air impurities
What else is included in the atmosphere? Almost 1% of some gases remain. Find information in the text of the textbook. (These are water vapor and ozone)
Ozone - this is modified oxygen, its molecules consist not of two, but of three atoms.
Using the textbook text, answer the questions: -Where does ozone come from in the atmosphere? (Formed from oxygen during a thunderstorm) - What role does it play? (Forms an ozone layer at an altitude of 20-30 km, this ozone screen protects all living things from the harmful radiation of the sun (I add – UV radiation from the sun, which causes burns and cancer) (slide 6)
What kind of solid particles are in the air? (Of course, this includes dust, plant spores, pollen, and microorganisms. They are called solid impurities air. They play a role along with water vapor in the formation of clouds).
The structure of the atmosphere
On the question of the structure of the atmosphere, its layers and their features, I propose to work independently in pairs with the text on page 89 and figure 82 and after 5 minutes report the result of searching for answers to the questions that I will give you.
Work in pairs (small groups) on questions usingslide 7 , Figure 82 and textbook text on page 89. After 5 minutes of preparation, move on to a discussion, then to filling out the tables yourself, followed by self-testing (slide 8):
The structure of the atmosphere
Layers of the atmosphere | Upper limit (km) | Features of air | Presence of moisture and clouds | Temperature Features |
Troposphere | 8-10 or 16-18 km | Contains 4/5 of all air | Contains almost all moisture and a lot of clouds | Decreases with altitude, reaching -550C |
Stratosphere | Contains thin air | Very little moisture, almost no clouds | It increases with altitude, reaching 00C |
|
Upper atmosphere | Approximately 1000 km | There is almost no air | No moisture or clouds | Temperature drops with altitude to -2700C |
1st group:
What is the name of the lowest layer of the atmosphere? How thick is it at the poles and above the equator? Suggest why the thickness of this layer is different. How is it determined exactly where this layer ends? (Troposphere; at the poles 8-10 km, above the equator 16-18 km. This layer contains 4/5 of all atmospheric air, and the temperature in it decreases with height, reaching -550C at the upper limit. The teacher should add that, for example, 8 km is like from Lemeshkino to Novokrasino, and 18 km to Sadovoy. And the temperature then, for example, in Lemeshkino is 00, and in Sadovoy -550)
2nd group:
Which layer of the atmosphere is called the weather factory? Where is this layer located? Why is it called that? Give two or three pieces of evidence that this is indeed a true statement. (This is the troposphere - the lower layer of the atmosphere. Evidence that the troposphere is a weather factory: 1) This is the lowest layer of the atmosphere, so it is responsible for the weather on the surface of the earth 2) All the moisture in the atmosphere is concentrated here, so clouds and precipitation form here. 3) There is a constant movement of air here and a wind is formed that brings cold or warm air.)
3rd group:
What is the second layer of the atmosphere (from the surface of the earth) called? At what height are the top and bottom boundaries of this layer? What signs were used to establish that these are the boundaries of this layer? (This is the stratosphere; the lower limit is from 8 to 18 km, depending on the position above the poles or the equator; the upper limit is at an altitude of 55 km. The boundaries of the troposphere were established according to the following criteria: 1) there is still rarefied air in it 2) there is very there is little water vapor and clouds 3) in it the air temperature increases with altitude from -550 to 00.
4th group:
In which layer of the atmosphere is the ozone layer located? How high above the ground is it located? Why is the ozone layer called the ozone shield? Why can you find signs of living beings below this layer - spores, pollen, microorganisms - but above it there are no signs of life? (The ozone screen is located in the lower part of the stratosphere, at an altitude of 20-30 km. It reflects ultraviolet rays from itself, therefore it is called a protective screen. Above the ozone layer, all living beings burn in ultraviolet radiation)
5th group:
What heats up more – the surface of the earth or the air? In which layer of the atmosphere does the temperature decrease with height? Why? What happens to the air temperature in the next layer of the atmosphere? Why is this happening? (To answer the question, remember that part of the sunlight passes through the atmosphere, and part is reflected from the clouds - see Fig. 83 on page 91) Why is there cosmic cold in the uppermost layers of the atmosphere - temperatures below 2700? (In the troposphere, the temperature decreases with height, since the sun heats the earth more than the air, and the closer to the earth, the more the air from the earth warms up. Above the troposphere, in the stratosphere, it becomes warmer, because some of the sun's rays are reflected from the dense air of the troposphere and from the ozone screen; these rays heat the rarefied air of the stratosphere. At high altitudes there is practically no air, there is a vacuum, and it is not able to absorb the sun's rays and be heated by them.)
6th group:
Using Figure 81, tell us about the importance of the atmosphere on our planet. Why is there no life on other planets in the solar system?
(-Protection from harmful solar and cosmic radiation;
Conditions for the life of plants and animals;
Protection of the earth's surface from overheating and hypothermia;
Conditions for the formation of sounds, winds, precipitation;
Possibility of weathering of hard rocks (formation of sand, clay and soil in their place)
Protection against falling meteorites
On other planets there is no such atmosphere, no water and no temperatures normal for life.) (slide 9)
Consolidation
Answer the questions (slide 10):
What gas is in the air the most? (Nitrogen)
What air gas is needed for photosynthesis? (Carbon dioxide)
What air gas is needed for combustion, decay and respiration? (Oxygen)
Why are ozone holes a dangerous phenomenon? (UV rays are harmful to life)
What is the name of the layer of the atmosphere where you and I live? (Troposphere)
Why do they take oxygen in cylinders in addition to the fuel supply for flights in the stratosphere? (The air is thin there, and combustion of fuel would be impossible)
Reflection.
Sum up today's lesson. What new have we learned? Have all lesson objectives been achieved? (slide 11) Who do you think can be graded for the lesson today? What ratings would you give yourself?
Homework (slide 12)
Download abstract“Geography of the Plains” - Alluvial (Indo-Gangetic lowland. Plains by surface shape. A.I. Soloviev. Compare the two plains. Plains. Residual (Kazakh small hills). Mountains. Plains by height. lowlands (up to 200m) West Siberian Amazonian Plains by origin Primary Caspian lowland plateaus (above 500m) Central Siberian Deccan.
“Land relief” - Types of mountains by height: When mountains are formed, the internal forces of the Earth are most active. Description of the plains and mountains of land on the map. Mountainous country - groups of mountain ranges separated by intermountain valleys. Mountains are vast areas of land raised high above the plains with large differences in elevation. Sushi plains. Mountains of sushi.
“Structure of the atmosphere” - Geographical envelope. Structure of the ATMOSPHERE. Larshina Oksana Olegovna. Lithosphere + Hydrosphere + Atmosphere + Biosphere. Today in class we learned. Composition of the ATMOSPHERE. Geography. The remaining 1% comes from all other gases. The atmosphere protects our planet from many influences from space. Ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the sun.
“Shapes of the Earth’s Surface” - Silvery fringe Hangs on the branches in winter. Cumulus. A hill is an elevation on a plain with an average height of 10 - 20 to 200 m. I found myself in a wild, dark and damp gorge. Group of stars. How do people deal with ravines? You're a mischief maker, but you won't stop. Planet. 2. Plain - an area in which there are neither large elevations nor deep depressions.
“Geography of Volcanoes” - Currently, over 4 thousand have been identified on the globe. volcanoes. In accordance with the stated goal, the following tasks are considered in the work. The main goal of the work is to study volcanoes and volcanism. Purpose: The vast majority of volcanoes are located in the equatorial, tropical and temperate regions.
Slide 1
Presentation on the topic Atmosphere
The presentation was made by 5th grade student Sidorova Violetta Teacher: Kardanova Yu.R.
Slide 2
Slide 3
goals and objectives
deepen knowledge about the atmosphere, study the composition of the air, the structure of the atmosphere and the characteristics of the layers, the importance of the atmosphere for the nature of the Earth; the formation of knowledge about the geographical shell - the atmosphere, as a source of existence of life.
Slide 4
Atmosphere - the air envelope of the Earth
The atmosphere is the uppermost shell of the Earth. Its thickness is approximately 2000-3000 km. There is no upper limit to the atmosphere.
Slide 5
Atmospheric composition
The Earth's atmosphere consists of a mixture of gases. This is mainly Nitrogen (N2) - 78%, oxygen (O2) - 21% and the remaining gases - carbon dioxide, water vapor, ozone, helium, hydrogen, argon, etc. - 1%.
Slide 6
The structure of the atmosphere
The thickness of the atmosphere is about 3 thousand km. It contains several layers that differ from each other in temperature and gas composition. The lower layer is the troposphere - the surface of the Earth, but this boundary is relative. Next comes the stratosphere. Even higher are the mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. These are the upper layers of the atmosphere, which pass into outer space at an altitude of 2 - 3 thousand km. above the surface of the Earth.
Slide 7
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the thickness of which above the poles is 8-10 km, in temperate latitudes - 10-12 km, and above the equator - 16-18 km. The air in the troposphere is heated by the earth's surface, that is, by land and water. Therefore, the air temperature in this layer decreases with height by an average of 0.6 °C for every 100 m. At the upper boundary of the troposphere it reaches -55 °C. At the same time, in the region of the equator at the upper boundary of the troposphere, the air temperature is -70 °C, and in the region of the North Pole -65 °C. About 80% of the mass of the atmosphere is concentrated in the troposphere, almost all the water vapor is located, thunderstorms, storms, clouds and precipitation occur, and vertical (convection) and horizontal (wind) movement of air occurs. We can say that weather is mainly formed in the troposphere.
Troposphere
Slide 8
The stratosphere is a layer of the atmosphere located above the troposphere at an altitude of 8 to 50 km. The color of the sky in this layer appears purple, which is explained by the thinness of the air, due to which the sun's rays are almost not scattered. The stratosphere contains 20% of the mass of the atmosphere. The air in this layer is rarefied, there is practically no water vapor, and therefore almost no clouds and precipitation form. However, stable air currents are observed in the stratosphere, the speed of which reaches 300 km/h. This layer contains ozone (ozone screen, ozonosphere), a layer that absorbs ultraviolet rays, preventing them from reaching the Earth and thereby protecting living organisms on our planet. Thanks to ozone, the air temperature at the upper boundary of the stratosphere ranges from -50 to 4-55 °C. Between the mesosphere and stratosphere there is a transition zone - the stratopause.
Stratosphere
Slide 9
The mesosphere is a layer of the atmosphere located at an altitude of 50-80 km. The air density here is 200 times less than at the Earth's surface. The color of the sky in the mesosphere appears black, and stars are visible during the day. The air temperature drops to -75 (-90)°C. At an altitude of 80 km the thermosphere begins. The air temperature in this layer rises sharply to a height of 250 m, and then becomes constant: at an altitude of 150 km it reaches 220-240 ° C; at an altitude of 500-600 km exceeds 1500 °C.
Mesosphere and thermosphere
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
The meaning of atmosphere
All living organisms need air to breathe. Ozone contained in the stratosphere protects living organisms from harmful ultraviolet radiation from the Sun. As a result of human activities, the air becomes dirty. The ozone layer is being destroyed. We need to keep the air clean!
