April 1-7 The final stage of the All-Russian Olympiad in Chemistry was held in Belgorod on the basis of the Institute of Engineering Technologies and Natural Sciences of the Belgorod State University. The Olympiad was attended by students of grades 9, 10 and 11 from 57 constituent entities of the Russian Federation: Astrakhan region, Khabarovsk Territory, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Sverdlovsk, Novosibirsk regions and other regions of the country - a total of 242 students.
On April 1, the solemn opening ceremony of the Olympiad took place. Head of the Department of Education, Deputy Governor of the Belgorod Region Sergey Andreevich Bozhenov made a parting word for the participants of the Olympiad , Vice-Rector of the NRU BelSU for distance learning and additional education Vladimir Anatolyevich Shapovalov and Dean of the Faculty of Chemistry of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Valery Vasilyevich Lunin.
The jury of the Olympiad was headed by the Deputy Director for International Affairs and Quality Management of the Institute of Engineering Technologies and Natural Sciences of the National Research University of BelSU, Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Professor Olga Evgenievna Lebedeva. On April 7, the jury of the Olympiad announced 18 strongest children from Moscow, Saransk, Kazan, Novosibirsk, Lipetsk and St. Petersburg, who received the title of winners. Another 90 schoolchildren from different cities of Russia became winners of the Olympiad. At the closing ceremony, a member of the Federation Council Committee on Science, Education and Culture Gennady Alexandrovich Savinov, First Deputy Head of the Department of Education of the Belgorod Region - Head of the Department of General, Preschool and Additional Education Olga Ilyinichna Medvedeva and Vice-Rector of the NRU BelSU for distance learning and additional education Vladimir Anatolyevich Shapovalov.
It should be noted absolute winners from 10 and 11 classes. Alexander Zhigalin from the 10th grade earned 99 points out of 100 in the first theoretical round and eventually scored 26.5 points more than the closest pursuer. Khodaeva Ulyana from 11th grade scored 240 points out of 250 in 3 rounds, the gap was 11 points, other participants.
From among the winners, the jury of the Olympiad selected children to participate in the 50th International Mendeleev Olympiad, which will be held May 2-9 in Moscow (Russia). Teams for summer and winter camps for the International (World) Olympiad were also formed from the winners and prize-winners.
Tasks and solutions
I THEORETICAL TOUR
| Tasks | Solutions |
II THEORETICAL TOUR
| Tasks | Solutions |
EXPERIMENTAL TOUR
| Tasks and solutions |
Photo report
The main goals and objectives of the branch Olympiad for schoolchildren is to identify gifted schoolchildren who are focused on engineering and technical specialties, capable of technical creativity and innovative thinking and planning their professional activities in the gas industry.
The Olympiad is held by educational organizations of higher education from among the leading universities of the Russian Federation together with PJSC Gazprom. The Chemistry Olympiad is held by the Russian State University of Oil and Gas (National Research University) named after I.M. Gubkin and Kazan National Research Technological University. The face-to-face stages of the Olympiad are held at many regional venues.
This Olympiad is not a status Olympiad when entering universities. Nevertheless, it provides a unique opportunity to test your strength before passing the exam, to obtain the necessary information about the conditions of study at the university, its winners are awarded valuable prizes. The winners and prize-winners of the Olympiad will receive additional points to the results of the Unified State Examination, as part of taking into account the individual achievements of the applicant (up to 10 points).
The Olympiad is held in two stages:
- registration and the first (remote) stage - from 11/05/2019 to 01/12/2020;
- the second (final) stage is held in person from February 1 to March 31, 2020. Winners and prize-winners of the first (qualifying) stage of the Olympiad are allowed to participate in it.
To get acquainted with examples of tasks and prepare for the qualifying round of the Olympiad, participants are invited to go through a preparatory round. Participation in it is not mandatory and the results are not taken into account in the future.
School stage of the All-Russian Chemistry Olympiad 2016.
9 CLASS
PART 1 (test)
Each question has multiple answers, of which only one is correct. Choose the correct answer. Write down the number of the task and put the number of the selected answer.
1. Has the highest molecular weight
1) BaCl 2 2) BaS0 4 3) Ba 3 (P0 4) 2; 4) Ba 3 R 2. (1 point)
2. The three-element substance is...
1) sulfuric acid; 2) quicklime (calcium oxide);
3) iron chloride (III); 4) copper sulfate. (1 point)
Z. The sum of the coefficients in the molecular reaction equation
(CuOH) 2 C0 3 + HC1 = CuC1 2 + C0 2 + ... (2 points)
1)10: 2)11; 3)12; 4)9.
4. The amount of substance (mol) contained in 6.255 g of phosphorus (V) chloride (2 points)
1)0,5; 2)0,3; 3)0,03; 4)0,15.
5. Mass (in grams) of a sample of aluminum nitrate, which contains 3.612∙10 23 nitrogen atoms
1)127,8; 2)42,6; 3)213; 4)14,2. (2 points)
6. The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the isotope 40 K
1) p = 20, n=19; 2) p = 40, n = 19; 3) p = 19, n = 21: 4) p = 21, n = 19. (2 points)
7. Reaction resulting in a precipitate
1) KOH + HC1; 2) K 2 C0 3 + H 2 S0 4; 3) Cu (OH) 2 + HNO 3; 4) Na 2 S + Pb(N0 3) 2 . (2 points)
8. When a mixture of zinc (5.2 g) and zinc carbonate (5.0 g) reacts with hydrochloric acid, gases are released with a volume (n.o.s.) (2 points)
1) 0.896 l; 2) 1.792 l; 3) 2.688 l: 4) 22.4 l.
9. 150 g of calcium chloride were dissolved in 250 ml of water. The mass fraction of salt in solution (in percent) is equal to:
1) 60; 2) 37,5; 3) 75; 4) 62,5 (2 points)
10. The molar mass of a gas with a mass of 0.84 g, occupying a volume of 672 ml (N.O.), is equal to
1)44; 2)28; 3)32; 4)16. (2 points)
Total 18 points
PART 2 (transformation chains)
Read the text.
A soldier was walking across the field, he decided to make a halt, to write a letter to his relatives, but there was nothing. Then he found a black stone, tried it - draws. I wrote a letter with this pebble, but I decided to sleep. He threw a pebble into the fire - it flared up, only smoke went out. The rain stopped the smoke, nailed it to the ground; the water flowed heavy, calcareous. The water began to dry, in some places it remained, and where it dried up, there were already white pebbles. The soldier woke up, surprised how the rain made white from a black pebble. He took a white pebble, ran it over a white boulder, looking - and he draws. The soldier was surprised and went on.
Make a chain of transformations and solve it. (8 points )
(10 points)
PART 3 (tasks)
The designers of the first spacecraft and submarines faced a problem: how to maintain a constant air composition on a ship or space station, i.e. how to get rid of excess carbon dioxide and renew the supply of oxygen? An elegant solution was found - it is necessary to turn CO 2 into O 2! For this, it was proposed to use potassium superoxide (KO 2), which is formed during the combustion of potassium in oxygen. When potassium superoxide interacts with carbon dioxide, free oxygen is released (oxygen atoms are both an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent at the same time). Write the equations for the reactions discussed in the text. Knowing that a person will emit an average of 0.51 m 3 of carbon dioxide per day, calculate how much potassium superoxide should be on board the space station in order to ensure the vital activity of a crew of three people for a month (30 days). (24 points)
The young chemist received from the teacher four bottles without labels containing solutions of potassium hydroxide, zinc chloride, barium chloride and potassium sulfide. The concentration of substances in each of the issued solutions was 0.1 mol/L. How, without using additional reagents and having at your disposal only phenolphthalein paper (paper impregnated with an alcohol solution of phenolphthalein), determine the contents of the bottles? Suggest a sequence of actions for a young chemist. Write down the equations of the occurring reactions. ( 40 points)
School stage of the All-Russian Chemistry Olympiad ANSWERS
9 CLASS
PART 1Test.
| Job number | Possible answer | Number of points |
| Total 18 points |
||
PART 2 Chains of transformations.
Task 11
| Number of points |
||
| Made up a chain | C-CO 2 -H 2 CO 3 -CaCO 3 | |
| 1 equation | ||
| 2 equation | CO 2 +H 2 O \u003d H 2 CO 3 | |
| 3 equation | H 2 CO 3 + CaO \u003d CaCO 3 + H 2 O | |
| Total 8 points |
||
Task 12
| the reaction equation is written 1 | CuSO 4 + 2KOH \u003d Cu (OH) 2 ↓ + K 2 SO 4 | 2 points |
| the reaction equation is written 2 | Cu(OH) 2 = CuO + H 2 O (heating) | 2 points |
| the reaction equation is written 3 | CuO + H 2 \u003d Cu + H 2 O | 2 points |
| the reaction equation is written 4 | Cu + HgSO 4 \u003d CuSO 4 + Hg | 2 points |
| the reaction equation is written 5 | CuSO 4 + Ba(NO 3) 2 = BaSO 4 ↓ + Cu(NO 3) 2 | 2 points |
| Total 10 points |
||
PART 3 Tasks.
Task 13.
| The equation for the reaction of potassium combustion in oxygen is written | 5 points |
|
| The equation for the reaction of the interaction of potassium superoxide with carbon dioxide is written | 4KO 2 + 2CO 2 \u003d 2K 2 CO 3 + 3O 2 | 5 points |
| The amount of potassium superoxide that should be on board was calculated. | A person emits carbon dioxide per day 0.51 m 3 \u003d 510 l, which is 510 l: 22.4 l / mol \u003d 22.77 mol, in order to utilize it, 2 times more potassium superoxide is required, i.e. 45.54 mol or 3.23 kg. | 14 points |
| Total 24 points |
||
Task 14
| Phenolphthalein takes on a crimson color in an alkaline environment. The color appears in solutions of potassium hydroxide and potassium sulfide: Determine which flask contains potassium hydroxide and potassium sulfide. | |
| If a gelatinous precipitate is formed, soluble in excess of the reagent, then the poured solution contains potassium hydroxide, and the analyzed solution contains zinc chloride. | |
| The flask, to the samples of which no visible changes occur when K 2 S and KOH solutions are added, contains barium chloride. | |
| Total 40 points |
|
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ALL-RUSSIAN OLYMPIAD FOR SCHOOLCHILDREN
IN CHEMISTRY. 2016-2017 academic year G.
SCHOOL STAGE. 8TH GRADE
Tasks, answers and assessment criteria
Out of 6 tasks, 5 solutions are included in the final assessment, for which the participant
scored the highest score, that is, one of the tasks with the lowest score did not
taken into account.
Problem 1. Pure substances and mixtures
1) Complete the sentences: (a) The composition of an individual substance as opposed to the composition
mixtures of __________ and can be expressed chemically __ __________;
(b) __________, unlike __________, boils at a constant __________.
2) Which of the two liquids - acetone and milk - is
individual substance, and what - a mixture?
3) You need to prove that the substance you have chosen (one of the two in paragraph 2) -
mixture. Briefly describe your activities.
1) (a) The composition of an individual substance, in contrast to the composition of a mixture, is constant
and can be expressed by a chemical formula; (b) an individual substance in
Unlike a mixture of substances, it boils at a constant temperature.
2) Acetone is an individual substance, milk is a mixture.
3) Place the drops of both liquids in the microscope. Milk under the microscope
will be uneven. This is a mixture. Acetone under the microscope will be homogeneous.
Another possible solution: acetone boils at a constant temperature. From
milk, when boiled, water evaporates, on the surface of the milk
film - foam. Other reasonable evidence is also accepted.
Grading system:
1) 2 points for each phrase 4 points
2) For the correct answer 2 points
3) For motivation 4 points
Total - 10 points
Problem 2. A common substance
“This complex substance is widely distributed in nature. Occurs on
throughout the globe. Has no smell. At atmospheric pressure, matter
can exist only in gaseous and solid states. Many scientists
it is believed that this substance has an effect on the temperature increase
our planet. It is used in various industries, including
Food Industry. Used in fire fighting. However
in a chemical laboratory, they cannot extinguish burning metals, for example
magnesium. Drinks prepared with this substance are very fond of children. But
school stage. 8th grade
2
constant consumption of such drinks can cause irritation of the walls
stomach."
1) Identify the substance based on its description.
2) What names of this substance do you know?
3) Give examples of application known to you and name sources
the formation of this substance.
1. The substance is named - carbon dioxide (carbon monoxide (IV)) (4 points).
A possible answer - water - is considered incorrect. Water does not irritate the stomach.
2. Dry ice, carbon dioxide, carbonic anhydride (1 point for each answer).
3. Carbon dioxide is used in the production of carbonated drinks,
sugar production, when extinguishing fires as a coolant, etc. Formed
during the respiration of animal organisms, fermentation, decay of organic residues,
in the production of quicklime, combustion of organic substances (peat,
wood, natural gas, kerosene, gasoline, etc.). (one point per
example, but no more than 3 points).
Total - 10 points.
Problem 3. Atomic fractions
The composition of chemical compounds is often characterized using atomic
shares. So, the carbon dioxide molecule CO2 consists of one atom C and two
O atoms, there are three atoms in the molecule. Then the atomic fraction of C is equal to 1/3, the atomic
share O - 2/3.
Give one example of substances in which the atomic fractions
their constituent elements are equal:
a) 1/2 and 1/2;
b) 2/5 and 3/5;
c) 1/3, 1/3 and 1/3;
d) 1/6, 1/6 and 2/3;
e) 1.
a) Two elements, the number of atoms in a molecule (formula unit) is the same:
HCl, HgO, CO.
b) Two elements, atoms of one of them in a molecule (formula unit) - 2,
the other - 3: Al2O3, Fe2O3.
c) Three elements, all atoms equally: KOH, NaOH.
d) Three elements: the atoms of two of them in the molecule (formula unit) are equal,
and the third element is 4 times more: KMnO4, CuSO4.
e) Any simple substance.
2 points for each item.
Total - 10 points.
All-Russian Olympiad for Schoolchildren in Chemistry 2016-2017 G.
school stage. 8th grade
3
Task 4. Inhale-exhale
In the process of breathing, a person consumes oxygen and exhales carbon dioxide.
The content of these gases in the inhaled and exhaled air is given
in the table.
Air O2 (% v/v) CO2 (% v/v)
Inhaled 21% 0.03%
Exhaled 16.5% 4.5%
The volume of inhalation-exhalation is 0.5 l, the frequency of normal breathing is 15 breaths per minute.
1) How many liters of oxygen a person consumes per hour and how much he releases
carbon dioxide?
2) In a class with a volume of 100 m
3 are 20 people. Windows and doors are closed. How
will be the volumetric content of CO2 in the air after a lesson of duration
45 minutes? (Absolutely safe content - up to 0.1%).
1) In an hour, a person takes 900 breaths and 450 liters of air pass through the lungs.
1 point
Not all inhaled oxygen is consumed, but only
21% - 16.5% \u003d 4.5% of the air volume, i.e. approximately 20 liters. 2 points
The same amount of carbon dioxide is released
how much oxygen is consumed, 20 l. 2 points
2) In 45 minutes (3/4 hours), 1 person emits 15 liters of CO2. 1 point
20 people emit 300 liters of CO2. 1 point
Initially, the air contained 0.03% of 100 m
3
, 30 l CO2, 1 point
after the lesson it became 330 liters. CO2 content:
330 l / (100,000 l) 100% = 0.33% 2 points
This content exceeds the safe threshold, so the class needs to be
ventilate.
Note. The calculation in the second question uses the answer to the first question.
If an incorrect number is received in the first question, but then with it
correct actions are performed in the second paragraph, for this paragraph is put
maximum score, despite the wrong answer.
Total - 10 points.
Problem 5. Uranium compounds
Where is more uranium - in 1.2 g of uranium(IV) chloride or 1.0 g of uranium(VI) oxide?
1) Write down the formulas of these compounds.
2) Justify your answer and support it with a calculation.
3) Write down the reaction equations for obtaining these substances from uranium.
All-Russian Olympiad for Schoolchildren in Chemistry 2016-2017 G.
school stage. 8th grade
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1) UCl4, UO3.
2) UCl4 (U) \u003d 62.6%, which means that 1.2 g of this substance contains 0.75 g of uranium
UO3 (U) = 83.2%, which means that 1.0 g of this substance contains 0.83 g of uranium.
More uranium is contained in 1.0 g of uranium(VI) oxide.
3) U+ 2Cl2 = UCl4; 2U + 3O2 = 2UO3
Grading system:
1) 1 point per formula 2 points
2) 2 points for each calculation and 1 point for the correct answer with justification
6 points
3) 1 point for the reaction equation 2 points
Total - 10 points.
Task 6. Five powders
Powders of the following substances were dispensed in five numbered glasses: copper,
copper(II) oxide, charcoal, red phosphorus and sulfur. Substance color,
in glasses is indicated in the figure.
black black yellow dark
red red
The students explored the properties of the issued powdered substances, resulting in
The dates of their observations are presented in the table.
Number
glasses
"Behavior" of the powder at
placing it in a glass
water
Changes seen with
heating the test powder
on air
1 floats on the surface of the water begins to smolder
2 sinks in water does not change
3 floats on the surface of the water melts, burns bluish
flame, when burned, it forms
colorless gas with a pungent odor
4 sinks in water burns with a bright white flame, when
combustion produces thick smoke
white color
5 sinks in water gradually turns black
1) Determine in which glass each of the substances issued for
research. Justify the answer.
All-Russian Olympiad for Schoolchildren in Chemistry 2016-2017 G.
school stage. 8th grade
5
2) Write the equations for the reactions that take place with the participation of the given
substances when heated in air.
3) It is known that the density of substances in glasses No. 1 and No. 3,
greater than the density of water, i.e., these substances must sink in water. However
powders of these substances float on the surface of the water. Suggest possible
explanation for this fact.
1) In glass No. 1 there is coal powder. Black, smolders in air
heating.
No. 2 - copper(II) oxide; It is black in color and does not change when heated.
No. 3 - sulfur; yellow color, characteristic combustion with the formation of sulfur dioxide.
No. 4 - red phosphorus; dark red color, characteristic burning with
phosphorus(V) oxide.
No. 5 - copper; Red color; the appearance of a black color when heated due to
formation of copper(II) oxide.
0.5 points for each correct definition and another 0.5 points for reasonable
justification
Total - 5 points
2) C + O2 = CO2
S + O2 = SO2
4P + 5O2 = 2P2O5
2Cu + O2 = 2CuO
1 point for each equation
Total - 4 points
3) In glasses No. 1 and No. 3, respectively, there are powders of charcoal and
sulfur. Particles of charcoal are permeated with capillaries filled with
air, thus, their average density is less than 1 g/ml.
In addition, the surface of coal, like the surface of sulfur, is not wetted by water, i.e.
is hydrophobic. Small particles of these substances are held on
surface of water by surface tension.
1 point
Total - 10 points
