It would seem that everyone has a clear and ordinary question - why does the swamp suck? In fact, this process is not as simple as it seems, and perhaps you will learn something new for yourself.
Firstly, a swamp that sucks in is called a bog. It can only pull in living objects. A bog is formed on the basis of lakes by overgrowing with a green carpet of moss and algae, not in all swamps.
The emergence of a swamp is promoted by 2 reasons: overgrowing of a reservoir or swamping of land. The swamp is characterized by excess moisture and constant deposition of incompletely decomposed organic matter - peat. Not all swamps are capable of sucking in objects, but only those in which a quagmire has formed. A bog is formed on the site of a lake. Lilies, water lilies and reeds on the surface of the lake grow over time into a dense carpet on the surface of the reservoir. At the same time, algae grows at the bottom of the lake. As it forms, a cloud of algae and moss rises from the bottom to the surface. Due to the lack of oxygen, rotting begins and organic waste is formed, dispersing in the water and forming a quagmire.
Now let's move on to the suction process itself...
The quagmire sucks in living objects. This is explained by its physical properties. The quagmire belongs to the class of Bingham fluids, physically described by the Bingham-Shvedov equation. When an object with a small weight hits the surface, they behave like solid bodies, so the object will not sink. When an object has enough weight, it sinks.
There are 2 types of immersion: underimmersion and overimmersion. The behavior of a body caught in a liquid is governed by the relationship between the influence of gravity and the buoyant force of Archimedes. The body will sink into the quagmire until Archimedes' force equals its weight. If the buoyant force is less than the weight, then the object will be underloaded; if it is greater, then the object will be overloaded.
Why are only living objects subject to overload? This is because such objects are constantly moving. What if you freeze? Will the dive stop? Alas, this will only slow down the immersion, because a living body is always moving because it breathes. Inanimate objects remain motionless, so they are not completely immersed. Over-immersion into a quagmire is the suction of the swamp. Why does body movement accelerate immersion? Any movement is the application of force, increasing the pressure on the support. It is caused by the weight of the object and the force of gravity. Sudden movements cause areas of low pressure to form under the body. These areas will cause an increase in atmospheric pressure on the living object, further submerging it.
Therefore, the physical definition of the word “swamp suction” looks like this: a Bingham fluid (swamp) tries to transfer a living object caught in it to a level below normal immersion, at which the Archimedes force is less than the body. The absorption process is irreversible. A drowned body will not float up even after the cessation of vital activity.
In addition to theoretical interest, the study of the physical processes occurring in a swamp is of practical importance: many people die in swamps who could have survived if they had been better aware of the insidious properties of the bog. And these properties are really very insidious. The quagmire is like a predator. It reacts differently to living and inanimate objects that enter it: it does not touch the dead, but sucks in everything living. This property of the bog deserves special attention and will be of primary interest to us. First, let's describe it in more detail.
To a first approximation, a quagmire can be considered a liquid. Therefore, the Archimedean buoyant force must act on the bodies caught in it. This is true, and objects even of great density, exceeding the density of the human body, do not sink in a quagmire. But as soon as a person or other living creature gets into it, they will be “sucked in,” that is, they will be completely immersed in the quagmire, although their density is less than the density of objects that do not sink in the quagmire.
The question arises: why does the quagmire behave in such an unexpected way? How does it distinguish living objects from nonliving ones?
To answer these questions, we will have to take a closer look at the physical properties of the bog.
On the floating of bodies in Newtonian fluids
Let's consider how a body floats in Newtonian fluids, for example in water. Let us bring a body whose density is less than its density to the surface of the water and release it. After some time, a state of equilibrium will be established: the body will be immersed to a level at which the Archimedean buoyant force is exactly equal to the weight of the body. This state of equilibrium is stable - if an external force acts on the body and sinks it deeper (or vice versa, lifts it up), then after the force ceases, it will return to its previous position. The level of immersion at which the Archimedean force is equal to the weight will be called the level of normal immersion.
Please note that the level of normal immersion is determined only by the density ratio and does not depend on the viscosity of the liquid. If the bog were just a Newtonian fluid with high viscosity, it would not be very dangerous. With reasonable behavior one could stay on its surface for quite a long time. Remember how tired swimmers behave if they want to relax right in the water? They roll over onto their backs, spread their arms and lie motionless as long as they want. Since the density of water is less than the density of the bog, then in the same way it would be possible to lie on the surface of the bog for a long time, and the viscosity would not particularly interfere with this. You could take your time to think about the situation, make the best decision, try to row carefully with your hands, trying to get to a solid place (this is where the viscosity would be a hindrance), and finally, just wait for help. The buoyant force would reliably hold a person on the surface of the swamp: if, as a result of careless movement, a person would sink below the level of normal immersion, the Archimedean force would still push him back.
Unfortunately, the reality is much worse. A person caught in a quagmire has no time to think, much less to wait. The quagmire is a non-Newtonian fluid and its Bingham properties radically change the situation.
On the floating of bodies in Bingham fluids
Let's bring the body to the surface of the Bingham fluid and lower it. If the body is light enough and the pressure it exerts is small, then it may happen that the stresses arising in the liquid will be less than the yield threshold and the liquid will behave like a solid body. That is, an object can stand on the surface of a liquid and not submerge.
On the one hand, this seems to be good. It is thanks to this property that all-terrain vehicles with low ground pressure can easily overcome swamps that are impassable for humans. And a person, with the help of special “swamp skis” or wet shoes, can reduce the pressure on the soil and feel relatively safe in the swamp. But there is another side to this phenomenon. The very fact that the immersion of the body stops in the presence of inequality of weight and Archimedean force is alarming - everything is not happening as usual. Let's imagine that the weight of our body is large enough and it will begin to sink. How long will this immersion last? It is clear that it is not until the Archimedean force becomes equal to the weight. When the body is immersed, the Archimedean force will partially compensate for the weight, the pressure on the soil will decrease, and a moment will come when the stresses will again become less than. In this case, the Bingham fluid will stop flowing and the body will stop before the Archimedean force becomes equal to the weight. This state, when the Archimedean force is less than the weight, but the body does not sink further, is called the state of underimmersion (see Fig.a).
A. now - the most important thing. If states of under-immersion are possible in a liquid, then for the same reasons states of over-immersion are also possible, in which the Archimedean force is greater than the weight, but the body does not float up (Fig. c). Remember what happened to Newtonian fluid? If, as a result of any actions, a person fell below the level of normal immersion, then the Archimedean force became greater than the weight and returned it back. In a Bingham liquid, nothing similar (at sufficiently large m0) occurs. Having immersed yourself as a result of some careless actions, you will no longer float back up, but will be in an overloaded state. The process of “drowning” in the quagmire turns out to be irreversible. Now we can give a more precise meaning to the word “suction”. It means the desire of the quagmire to drown living objects below the level of normal immersion - into an overloaded state.
There is very little left for us to figure out why the swamp bog sucks in, that is, drags only living objects into an overloaded state.
Causes of overload
Living objects are overloaded because, once in a quagmire, they move, that is, they change the relative position of parts of their body. This leads to overload for four reasons.
Reason one.
Imagine that you have a heavy load in your hands and you begin to lift it. To impart upward acceleration to it, you must act on it with a force greater than the weight of this body. According to Newton's third law, the force exerted on your hands by the load will also be greater than its weight. Therefore, the force with which your legs press on the support will increase. If you are standing in a quagmire, trying to lift the load you are holding in your hands will cause your legs to sink deeper into the quagmire.
What if there is no load in your hands? This does not change the fundamental aspect of the matter - the hand has mass, and therefore is itself a load. If you are at a normal dive level, simply raising your arm will cause you to overdive. In this case, the overload will be very small, but it will be irreversible, and repeated movements can lead to overload by a large amount.
Reason two.
The quagmire has a high stickiness and in order to tear off, for example, a hand from the surface of the quagmire, you need to apply force. In this case, the pressure on the support increases and overload will occur.
Reason three.
A quagmire is a viscous medium and resists objects moving in it. If you try to pull out a stuck hand, then as you move it you will have to overcome viscous forces, and the pressure on the support increases. Overloading will happen again.
Reason four.
Everyone knows well that when you pull your foot out of the mud, a characteristic squelching sound is heard - this is atmospheric air filling the trace left by the foot. Why do you think such a sound is not heard when pulling a leg out of the water? The answer is quite obvious - water has low viscosity, flows quickly and manages to fill the space under the upward moving leg. Mud has a much higher viscosity and the forces that prevent the movement of some layers relative to others are greater for it. Therefore, the dirt flows slowly and does not have time to fill the space under the foot. A “void” is formed there - an area of low pressure not occupied by soil. When you pull your foot out of the mud, this area communicates with the atmosphere, air rushes into it and as a result, the very sound that we talked about earlier is heard.
Thus, the presence of a squelching sound indicates that when trying to free a leg stuck in mud, one has to overcome not only the forces caused by stickiness and viscosity, but also the forces associated with atmospheric pressure.
With sudden movements of a person caught in a quagmire, areas of low pressure will appear under the parts of the body moving in the quagmire, and atmospheric pressure will press down on the person with great force, pushing him into an overloaded state.
The combined action of all four causes leads to the following effect: a change in the shape of a body caught in a quagmire leads to its overload.
Now much has become clear. When inanimate bodies fall into a quagmire, they do not change their shape and there are no reasons for their overload. Such bodies are not sucked into the quagmire; once they get into the quagmire, they will remain in a state of undersubmergence. And living beings, having found themselves in a quagmire, begin to fight for their lives, flounder, which immediately leads to their overload. This is “suction”. The answer to the question posed at the very beginning has been received. However, this is not enough. How can one still be saved, how can one use the results of this examination to develop practical recommendations for those who find themselves in a quagmire.
Alas, much less can be done in this direction than we would like. If we do not consider fantastic and semi-fatastic projects (“an instantly inflating balloon that pulls a person out of a bog,” “a substance that causes the swamp to harden”), etc.), then the situation looks bleak.
How can you get out of the quagmire?
The main rule that everyone needs to know is not to make any sudden movements when in a swamp. If you are slowly sucked into the swamp, there is every chance of escape. Firstly, when you find yourself in a swampy area, you need to get a stick, preferably one that is wide and strong, that is, a real block. This stick can be your salvation, so you need to choose it carefully, and not take the first twig that comes to hand. If you find yourself in a swamp, sliding off a hummock, then you will most likely be quickly sucked in, since by inertia you will continue to move, thereby helping the quagmire, so it is better to fall on your stomach or back, as you will be sucked in much more slowly.
If you don’t go under water too quickly and you have a stick, then you should carefully place it in front of you, well, if the nearest stronghold is no more than half a meter, then the end of the stick will fall to the ground and it will be easier for you to get out. But even if the stick lies completely in the swamp, you need to grab onto it and try to transfer your center of gravity to this stick, this way you will have some kind of bridge and you can get out onto land or wait for help without risking completely sinking into the mud.
If you have absolutely nothing at hand that could serve as leverage, try to take a horizontal position. Do this as carefully as possible, carefully moving your center of gravity from your legs to your torso; if you manage to do this, your body weight will decrease significantly and you will no longer be pulled into the swamp. In this position you can wait for help. But while in a swamp, under no circumstances should you make sudden movements, wave your arms or try to jerk your legs, as this will cause you to be sucked even further into the abyss.
Those in this position cannot even shout loudly, calling for help, much less swing their free limbs. If the top of your body is still free, then you need to take off your jacket or raincoat and throw it on the surface of the swamp, you can also get out along it, it will not allow the swamp to suck you in.
If it gets sucked into a swamp very quickly, then only an outsider can help; he must throw a rope or a stick so that the person caught in the swamp can get out onto a solid surface. Sometimes, in order to pull one person out of a swamp, at least three people are required on land, since the suction force of the swamp is very strong. It should also be remembered that if a person is pulled out of a swamp, then under no circumstances should he be released to take a break; a slightly released person will immediately go into the quagmire, receiving additional energy from the land during repulsion. The rescue operation must proceed actively and without delay. Then success will be guaranteed.
What else can the swamps tell us?
There is such a thing as peat tanning - a peculiar condition of a corpse that occurs when a corpse gets into peat bogs and soils containing humic acids. Peat “tanning” can also be called one of the types of natural preservation of a dead body. A corpse that is in a state of peat “tanning” has dense dark brown skin, as if tanned. Internal organs decrease in volume. Under the influence of humic acids, mineral salts in the bones dissolve and are completely washed out of the corpse. Bones in this state resemble cartilage in consistency. Corpses in peat bogs are well preserved indefinitely, and by examining them, forensic doctors can determine injuries received during life. Although such cases are quite rare, sometimes finds in peat bogs can present various surprises to researchers.
There are terrible swamps on our planet, famous for their creepy, but historically priceless finds. We are talking about the “swamps of human organs” of Germany, Denmark, Ireland, Great Britain and the Netherlands.
A quagmire is a swamp that sucks. It can only suck in living objects. A quagmire forms at the base of the lakes when it becomes overgrown with a green carpet of algae and moss. But not in all swamps.
A swamp occurs due to overgrowing of a reservoir or waterlogging of land. There is excess moisture in the swamp, and incompletely decomposed organic material – peat – is constantly deposited. Not all swamps have the ability to suck, only those that have a quagmire.
A bog swamp forms in place of the lake. Reeds, water lilies, and lilies grow in a dense carpet on the surface of the lake. And algae grows at the bottom of the lake. As the moss and algae grow, they rise from the bottom to the surface. With a lack of oxygen, rotting occurs, producing organic waste that fills the entire space and forms a quagmire.
The quagmire sucks in living objects. This is explained by its physical properties. A quagmire is a Bingham fluid, which is physically described by the Bingham-Shvedov equation. If a light object hits the surface, then they act as solid bodies, so it will float on the surface. And, on the contrary, if a heavy object hits the surface, it will sink.
There is underloading and overloading. A body caught in a liquid is exposed to the forces of gravity and buoyancy, Archimedes, relative to each other. The body sinks into the quagmire until its weight is balanced with the buoyant force. If the weight is greater than the buoyant force, then the body will be overloaded, and if it is less, then it will be underloaded.
Only living objects are subject to overload.
Living objects are constantly moving. A living body always moves because it breathes. If it stops moving, it will sink slowly. Inanimate objects remain completely still, so they are not completely submerged.
Being sucked into a quagmire is what it means to be over-immersed in a swamp.
Any movement of the body accelerates the dive.
Any movement is the application of force, which increases the pressure on the support. It is determined by gravity and the weight of the object.
Rapid body movements cause areas of low pressure to form under the body. These areas will cause the atmospheric pressure to increase its effect on the living object in order to sink it even lower.
The definition of the concept of swamp suction is interpreted as a quagmire, a Bingham liquid, which seeks to transfer a living object caught in it to a level that is below normal immersion. The suction process is irreversible. A drowned body will not float up even after the cessation of all life processes.
I have heard many times horror stories about people drowning in swamps. I have always been interested in the mechanism itself How does this happen. The other day we visited my husband’s parents in the village. His dad works as a forester, so he told me everything he knows about swamps and how they work "suction" mechanism.
How a swamp is formed
Swamp, like any other natural object, arises or by itself, or using human hands. Of course not, people do not intentionally create swamps, but, let’s say, due to poor care of natural bodies of water, due to deforestation, due to land pollution, The swamp world is developing and growing.
I'll start with the fact that not all swamps can suck foreign objects, but only those that are called "quagmire". That is, these swamps are overgrown bogs. So, how a bog is formed:
- The lake begins to be covered with a dense carpet of lilies and moss.
- The humidity of the reservoir increases due to constant deposition of peat.
- Algae begins to grow at the bottom, which eventually reach almost the surface of the water.
- Due to the lack of a, over time, and the complete absence of oxygen, Rotting begins in the water.
- As a result of rotting a quagmire forms.
Why is the swamp sucked in?
I don’t know about you, but I (before my father-in-law) didn’t know that the quagmire only sucks in living objects. This happens due to a physical law Bingham-Shvedov. By the way, there are two types of suction: underloading and overloading. Undersubmergence happens if weight submersible bodies are smaller than pushing out the power of the swamp. If the weight of the immersed body is greater - is happening overload.
As for drowning people and animals, in 95% of cases, overload occurs, since the weight of living bodies is usually quite large. By the way, the more living body moves while the swamp tries to suck him in, the faster overload will occur. Unfortunately, neither man nor beast you won't be able to get out of the swamp alone(only in exceptionally successful cases), because even if you try to stop moving, breath doesn't matter won't be able to stay for long(and this is also movement). Dive in this case will happen more slowly, but completely will not stop.
A swamp that is sucked in is called a bog. It can only pull in living objects. A bog is formed at the base of lakes by overgrowing with a green carpet of moss and algae, not for all swamps.
The appearance of a swamp is caused by 2 reasons: overgrowing of a reservoir or swamping of land. The swamp is characterized by excess moisture and constant deposition of incompletely decomposed organic matter - peat. Not all swamps are capable of sucking in objects, but only those in which a quagmire has formed.
A bog is formed on the site of a lake. Lilies, water lilies and reeds grow over time into a dense carpet on the surface of the reservoir. At the same time, algae grows at the bottom of the lake. As they form, clumps of algae and moss rise from the bottom to the surface. Due to the lack of oxygen, rotting begins and organic waste is formed, forming a quagmire.
The quagmire sucks in living objects. This is explained by its physical properties. The quagmire belongs to the class of Bingham fluids, physically described by the Bingham-Shvedov equation. When an object with a small weight hits the surface, they behave like solid bodies, so the object will not sink. When an object has enough weight, it sinks.
There are 2 types of immersion: underimmersion and overimmersion.
On the floating of bodies in Bingham fluids
Let's bring the body to the surface of the Bingham fluid and lower it. If the body is light enough and the pressure it exerts is small, then it may happen that the stresses arising in the liquid will be less than the yield threshold and the liquid will behave like a solid body. That is, an object can stand on the surface of a liquid and not submerge.
On the one hand, this seems to be good. It is thanks to this property that all-terrain vehicles with low ground pressure can easily overcome swamps that are impassable for humans. And a person, with the help of special “swamp skis” or wet shoes, can reduce the pressure on the soil and feel relatively safe in the swamp. But there is another side to this phenomenon. The very fact that the immersion of the body stops in the presence of inequality of weight and Archimedean force is alarming - everything is not happening as usual. Let's imagine that the weight of our body is large enough and it will begin to sink. How long will this immersion last? It is clear that it is not until the Archimedean force becomes equal to the weight. When the body is immersed, the Archimedean force will partially compensate for the weight, the pressure on the soil will decrease, and a moment will come when the stresses will again become less than. In this case, the Bingham fluid will stop flowing and the body will stop before the Archimedean force becomes equal to the weight. This state, when the Archimedean force is less than the weight, but the body does not sink further, is called the state of underimmersion.
And now - the most important thing. If states of under-immersion are possible in a liquid, then for the same reasons states of over-immersion are also possible, in which the Archimedean force is greater than the weight, but the body does not float up. Remember what happened to Newtonian fluid? If, as a result of any actions, a person fell below the level of normal immersion, then the Archimedean force became greater than the weight and returned it back. Nothing similar happens in a Bingham liquid. Having immersed yourself as a result of some careless actions, you will no longer float back up, but will be in an overloaded state. The process of “drowning” in the quagmire turns out to be irreversible. Now we can give a more precise meaning to the word “suction”. It means the desire of the quagmire to drown living objects below the level of normal immersion - into an overloaded state.
There is very little left for us to figure out why the swamp bog sucks in, that is, drags only living objects into an overloaded state.
Causes of overload
Living objects are overloaded because, once in a quagmire, they move, that is, they change the relative position of parts of their body. This leads to overload for four reasons.
Reason one. Imagine that you have a heavy load in your hands and you begin to lift it. To impart upward acceleration to it, you must act on it with a force greater than the weight of this body. According to Newton's third law, the force exerted on your hands by the load will also be greater than its weight. Therefore, the force with which your legs press on the support will increase. If you are standing in a quagmire, trying to lift the load you are holding in your hands will cause your legs to sink deeper into the quagmire.
What if there is no load in your hands? This does not change the fundamental aspect of the matter - the hand has mass, and therefore is itself a load. If you are at a normal dive level, simply raising your arm will cause you to overdive. In this case, the overload will be very small, but it will be irreversible, and repeated movements can lead to overload by a large amount.
Reason two. The quagmire has a high stickiness and in order to tear off, for example, a hand from the surface of the quagmire, you need to apply force. In this case, the pressure on the support increases and overload will occur.
Reason three. A quagmire is a viscous medium and resists objects moving in it. If you try to pull out a stuck hand, then as you move it you will have to overcome viscous forces, and the pressure on the support increases. Overloading will happen again.
Reason four. Everyone knows well that when you pull your foot out of the mud, a characteristic squelching sound is heard - this is atmospheric air filling the trace left by the foot. Why do you think such a sound is not heard when pulling a leg out of the water? The answer is quite obvious - water has low viscosity, flows quickly and manages to fill the space under the upward moving leg. Mud has a much higher viscosity and the forces that prevent the movement of some layers relative to others are greater for it. Therefore, the dirt flows slowly and does not have time to fill the space under the foot. A “void” is formed there - an area of low pressure not occupied by soil. When you pull your foot out of the mud, this area communicates with the atmosphere, air rushes into it and as a result, the very sound that we talked about earlier is heard.
Thus, the presence of a squelching sound indicates that when trying to free a leg stuck in mud, one has to overcome not only the forces caused by stickiness and viscosity, but also the forces associated with atmospheric pressure.
With sudden movements of a person caught in a quagmire, areas of low pressure will appear under the parts of the body moving in the quagmire, and atmospheric pressure will press down on the person with great force, pushing him into an overloaded state.
The combined action of all four causes leads to the following effect: a change in the shape of a body caught in a quagmire leads to its overload.
Now much has become clear. When inanimate bodies fall into a quagmire, they do not change their shape and there are no reasons for their overload. Such bodies are not sucked into the quagmire; once they get into the quagmire, they will remain in a state of undersubmergence. And living beings, having found themselves in a quagmire, begin to fight for their lives, flounder, which immediately leads to their overload. This is “suction”. The answer to the question posed at the very beginning has been received. However, this is not enough. How can one still be saved, how can one use the results of this examination to develop practical recommendations for those who find themselves in a quagmire.
Alas, much less can be done in this direction than we would like. If we do not consider fantastic and semi-fatastic projects (“an instantly inflating balloon that pulls a person out of a bog,” “a substance that causes the swamp to harden”), etc.), then the situation looks bleak.
Is it possible to escape if you get into a quagmire?
It would seem that if a person tries to behave like an inanimate object (stops moving completely), then he will be able to stay on the surface of the bog for as long as he wants. Such a hope is not justified for one simple reason: with all his desire, a person cannot help but move. He must breathe. This need leads to the need to change the shape of the body (when inhaling, the chest expands), so a state of complete immobility turns out to be impossible for a person.
This can happen either in a swampy area, or after heavy rainfall, in a forest or other open space. This can also happen after a severe drought, when surface water evaporates and only underground water remains, which is sometimes hidden under a layer of silt and cannot be seen. Such swamps are very dangerous, since their depth can be very large and it is almost impossible to get out of it.
The likelihood of being pulled into a swamp increases in summer and autumn; in winter this practically does not happen, since the surface layer freezes, as a result of which it becomes very durable and it is very problematic to go under it. Therefore, it is during the summer and autumn periods that you need to be extremely careful and watch your step when you find yourself in such an area. As a rule, swampy areas occupy a large space, in which there are islands, along which you can cross the area, but sometimes a seemingly solid layer of earth turns out to be a real quagmire. It can be sucked into the swamp instantly or gradually. If the swamp is very deep, then a person is instantly sucked in; it is impossible to get out of such a swamp if there is no person nearby who could provide help. If it gets sucked in gradually, then there is a chance to get out of the abyss on your own. But this will require knowledge of some rules.
The main rule that everyone needs to know is not to make any sudden movements when in a swamp. If you are slowly sucked into the swamp, there is every chance of escape. Firstly, when you find yourself in a swampy area, you need to get a stick, preferably one that is wide and strong, that is, a real block. This stick can be your salvation, so you need to choose it carefully, and not take the first twig that comes to hand. If you find yourself in a swamp, sliding off a hummock, then you will most likely be quickly sucked in, since by inertia you will continue your movement, thereby helping the quagmire, so it is better to fall on your stomach or back, as you will be sucked in much more slowly.
If you do not go under water too quickly and you have a stick, then you should carefully place it in front of you, well, if the nearest stronghold is no more than half a meter, then the end of the stick will fall to the ground and it will be easier for you to get out. But even if the stick lies completely in the swamp, you need to grab onto it and try to transfer your center of gravity to this stick, this way you will have some kind of bridge and you can get out onto land or wait for help without risking completely sinking into the silt.
If you have absolutely nothing at hand that could serve as leverage, try to take a horizontal position. Do this as carefully as possible, carefully moving your center of gravity from your legs to your torso; if you manage to do this, your body weight will decrease significantly and you will no longer be pulled into the swamp. In this position you can wait for help. But, while in a swamp, under no circumstances should you make sudden movements, wave your arms or try to jerk your legs, this will make you even more sucked into the abyss. Those in this position cannot even shout loudly, calling for help, much less swing their free limbs. If the top of your body is still free, then you need to take off your jacket or raincoat and throw it on the surface of the swamp, you can also get out along it, it will not allow the swamp to suck you in.
If it gets sucked into the swamp very quickly, then only an outsider can help; he must throw a rope or a stick so that the person caught in the swamp can get out onto a solid surface. Sometimes, in order to pull one person out of a swamp, at least three people are required on land, since the suction force of the swamp is very strong. It should also be remembered that if a person is pulled out of a swamp, then under no circumstances should he be released to take a break; a slightly released person will immediately go into the quagmire, receiving additional energy from the land during repulsion.
