What is a smart city
Single definition of the term does not exist today - the concept is interpreted quite broadly. Many experts mean by this term for centralized management of the urban environment and improving the lives of citizens. Among the components of a “smart city” are often called “smart management” (with electronic document management), a “smart” transport system, and “smart houses”.
Moscow has been claiming the title of “smart city” for several years. The prerequisites for creating a smart city in the Russian capital exist. According to the official website of the Moscow mayor, more than90% of the capital's residents use the Internet every day. This creates the basis for the implementation of smart city components. Some public services (for example, registration at a clinic) in the city are moving to an electronic standard. According to the Moscow City Hall, 250 electronic services are now available to city citizens, and in 2017, 650 million electronic services were provided to city residents.
In addition, in Moscow transport free Wi-Fi appeared, analogues of which are found in some “smart” cities in Europe (for example, London and Edinburgh).
The city has the main offices of innovative companies, which, among other things, create elements of the infrastructure of “smart” homes and cities. For example, the capital is the headquarters of Yandex, which recently talking smart speaker and plans to develop smart homes based on it.
In these conditions, the Moscow authorities plan to develop their territory as a “smart city” - or, according to the presentation, as “an advanced metropolis in the world.”
Formal goals
The concept of a “smart city” by the capital’s authorities involves the interaction of three groups - business, residents and the state. The program is expected to be implemented by 2030. One of the main goals of the project is formulated as follows: “Ensuring sustainable growth in the quality of life of Muscovites and favorable conditions for conducting business and other activities.”
In addition, the Moscow authorities are going to ensure “centralized, end-to-end and transparent management of the city,” as well as “increase the efficiency of government spending.” Apparently, it is planned to achieve all the set goals using “end-to-end Smart City technologies.” These include, in particular, , blockchain, big data and predictive analytics, as well as “virtual, augmented and mixed reality technologies.”
The authors of the program also talk about “global megatrends” - technologies that determine the city of the future. Here, in addition to the quite expected socialization and smart technologies, for example, convergence and connectivity are mentioned. A separate slide of the presentation is devoted to the forecasts of futurologists. In this part, which is more like a science fiction novel, the authors of the document try to imagine what the city of the future will look like: “limitless possibilities of movement,” “the city is controlled by artificial intelligence and residents,” “individual living environment, silence and cleanliness in the city.”
Words on paper
The program talks about “human and social capital” - for example, by 2030, Muscovites are promised “exoskeletons and nanorobots” in the field of medicine. The presentation does not give any specific plans for creating exoskeletons - however, a lot can happen in the 12 years remaining to implement the program. The goals of the strategy in the field of education are a little more clearly formulated - it talks about the “individual learning trajectory of Muscovites.” However, it is not clear how exactly the individual trajectory is related to the “smart city and its development.”
Among the development goals of Moscow by 2030 were interactive excursions and virtual trips - however, they are available now - for example, they are carried out by the project“Moscow through the eyes of an engineer.” The same applies to urban planning goals - the authors of the presentation promise to use virtual reality tools for design by 2030 - but these tools are available already in 2018. Perhaps we are talking about a more widespread use of technology, but, unfortunately, the presentation provides little specific information and leaves a lot of room for questions.
Goals related to control and revenue collection appear more specific. The tasks here are obvious - to ensure control over the actions of entrepreneurs and officials. If slide 17 is to be believed, then by 2030, data from citizens’ “wearable devices” will be used for better development and management of the city. Formally, the slide assumes equality between government, business and citizens: artificial intelligence becomes the manager, and the authorities must make “consistent management decisions.”
However, the presentation does not talk about the confidentiality of personal data that is supposed to be collected. Amid leak scandals the picture looks like a utopia. This slide leads to the main problem of the presentation: it constructs an ideal city of the future and the same ideal inhabitants. There are no real citizens with specific problems.
As noted in the presentation, so far only the first stages of discussion of the program have passed. The fact that 4 thousand participants downloaded the strategy materials, and all executive authorities of the capital took part in the discussion, is indicated as an achievement. The program must still undergo public discussion and debate in the Public Chamber, as well as be approved by the mayor of the city. Only after this can the development of programs taking into account the smart city strategy begin. How long the discussion and approval process will take is unknown.
Smart city "Intelligent Grid" - based on "smart technologies", an automatically balancing, self-monitoring energy network, capable of receiving energy from any source (coal, sun, wind) and converting it into the final product for consumers (heat, light, warm water) with minimal human participation.
Smart city Supply and demand / Energy efficiency Possibility of introducing continuous loading systems Possibility of introducing time-based tariffs Possibility of introducing Smart Home technology Possibility of implementing energy efficiency programs
Smart city Possibility of connecting distributed generation Introduction of distributed energy resources Management of distributed generation Organization of electric vehicle charging points Widespread use of electric vehicles Tariff setting and legislative framework
The construction of “Smart Grids” can be divided into 3 stages: Stage 1 involves increasing the importance of accounting Particular attention is paid to two-way interaction with consumers based on smart metering technology Introduction of analysis tools
Smart city stage 2 is preparation for the implementation and use of intelligent technologies Partial automation with self-healing functionality Active use of analytics aimed at optimizing the flow of electrical energy System for working with consumers Increasing the efficiency of detecting and eliminating faults, restoring network operation
Smart City Main functions of "Smart City" Collection of information on the status of equipment from Vodokanal facilities, Gorgaz facilities, Gorsvet facilities, heating network facilities to servers for processing and distributing information using all available communication channels: radio channel, cellular communications of GSM and CDMA standards, telephone line, cable Internet network, local backbone. Collection of technological information specific to each specific object: temperature, pressure, levels, flow rates, currents, voltages, etc.
Smart city Analysis of the received information with making decisions about possible equipment breakdowns, leaks, short circuits, breaks, and the activation of security and fire alarms before emergencies and emergencies. Providing access to the received information to consumers, control centers of utility services, mobile (temporary and mobile) control centers of various services, including troubleshooting teams, the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the fire service, and city authorities.
Smart city Operational dispatch control of actuators Possibility of promptly changing the parameters of technological processes - lighting schedules, cyclograms of pump operation, specified emergency limits of technological process parameters. Rapid assessment of the consequences of city-wide network failures and decision-making.
Smart city 2. making a decision on emergency shutdown and introducing a reserve directly by the facility controllers to prevent complete breakdown of actuators and mechanisms. 3. Equipment reliability, operability in a wide temperature range, operation in conditions of low power supply reliability. 4. A single, reliable, not requiring high speeds and expensive special equipment, having a high degree of reliability and noise-resistant exchange protocol between controllers and servers.
Smart city 7. Unified exchange protocol between servers and control centers. 8.Use of various communication channels. 9. Access control. 10.Ease of perception of information, quick access to all operational commands. 11.System scalability. Possibility of gradual step-by-step 12. Low cost of operating equipment and communication channels.
Smart city Expected results Being implemented in stages, objectively, it does not destroy the existing structures of public utilities. It consists of small local mini systems that are resistant to failures, operate in unfavorable conditions and instantly independently respond to all pre-emergency and emergency conditions. Promptly informs responsible services about pre-emergency and emergency situations.
Smart city Provides a mechanism for operational remote control of all executive units, provides the ability to remotely change all process parameters. Conducts a comprehensive analysis of the operational situation in the city, its statistical analysis and maintains reporting in the required form.
Smart city Easy to operate, not demanding on the qualifications of dispatch personnel. Configured for scalability. Promptly provides all information not only to stationary, but also to mobile (mobile) control centers, for example, to a mobile or palm computer via cellular communication or directly to the display of a mobile phone. Maintains archival documentation of all data and all events.
Advantages of the Smart City automation control and accounting system: Reduced initial costs for organizing, operating and maintaining data transmission channels and communication equipment. Increasing the number of controlled objects with minimal costs for organizing and maintaining communication channels. Reduced energy consumption and costs
Smart city Freeing up control room premises and creating a single dispatch service serving many buildings in a certain territorial area or the city as a whole. Mobile building control anytime, anywhere, without delay. Using "obvious", intuitive controls
Smart city Considering the individual life support systems included in the building automation system, we can say that it provides the following advantages: the climate control system leads to energy savings by 10-15%, the lighting, power supply and heating control system reduces costs by 5-7 %
Smart city Thus, energy savings of an intelligent building can reach %, while the quality of service work is significantly improved, which significantly increases the competitive advantages of the facility. On an area of sq.m. savings amounted to approximately RUR/year. Total savings – about RUR/year. The implementation of building automation systems included in the intelligent building complex pays for itself in 3-5 years. Smart Belgorod Belgorod has become the first Russian city to join the International Consortium of Smart Cities and is successfully implementing an energy-saving project. These are modern technologies that allow rational use of energy sources and minimize the impact on the environment. A “smart grid” is a system capable of receiving energy and converting it into a final product with minimal human intervention.
Smart City Masdar is a project of a future city located in the emirate of Abu Dhabi of the United Arab Emirates. Abu Dhabi of the United Arab Emirates involves the construction of the world's first city powered by solar energy, other renewable energy sources and having a sustainable ecological environment with minimal carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere, as well as a system for the complete recycling of waste from urban activities using solar energy and renewable energy sources
Modern society and smart technologies
Completed by: student of group MDM-212 Eliseeva Victoria
- involves the use of computer systems and microprocessors to perform daily tasks and exchange information.
Peter Ferdinand Drucker (11/19/1909 - 11/11/2005) - American scientist of Austrian origin; economist, publicist, teacher, one of the most influential management theorists of the 20th century. Peter Drucker coined the acronym SMART in 1954.
- – this is a new quality of society in which the totality of the use of technical means, services and the Internet by trained people leads to qualitative changes in the interaction of subjects, allowing to obtain new effects - social, economic and other benefits for a better life.
- Today, the most important trend is the creation of smart cities that will completely free the population from social and communal problems: traffic jams, queues, energy dependence and lack of control of urban structures. Today our homes, cars, money, and in developed countries, entire industries have become smart. But tomorrow – as futurologists have no doubt – smart technologies will finally penetrate all spheres of human activity, radically changing the direction of social development, rapidly bringing us closer to a smart society.
- 1. New York The oldest “smart city” on Earth, the authorities of New York began to develop computer systems for city management back in the 90s. Today in New York there are two smart systems at once - Cisco and City24/7, thanks to which every resident is provided with free Internet access. It was in New York that a computer program to combat street crime was developed and now this metropolis has become the safest city in the United States.
- 2. Boston There are special sensors installed on the wheels of cars that collect information about every pothole on the road and send the data to the utility server.
- 3. In San Francisco A program to introduce electric vehicles is being implemented, for which the city has already built the world's densest network of public charging stations for such cars. It is expected that within three years there will be no gasoline-powered cars left in San Francisco.
- Garbage in Amsterdam is collected by robotic cleaners.
- The authorities of Copenhagen have set an ambitious goal: to bring the level of emissions of harmful gases to absolute zero by 2025. This means that the city itself will produce oxygen in order to compensate even for the “natural background” - the breathing of its inhabitants. Another feature of “smart urban planning” in Danish style is minimalism: at night the Danes refused to use street lighting.
- The first “smart city” in South Korea, which was decided to be built entirely from scratch. Now the city is almost ready for settlement: the city is designed for 65 thousand people who will be selected using special tests for IQ level - people with low intelligence have nothing to do in a city stuffed with computer systems from Cisco. Today, about 50 projects to build “smart cities” from scratch are being implemented in the world, but Songdo will become a model for all.
- Smart education is an association of educational institutions and teaching staff to carry out joint educational activities on the Internet on the basis of common standards, agreements and technologies.
The Russian capital is reaching a new level of development of electronic services. This is the main goal of the Smart City program, the development of which has now begun. The new strategy will be based on key modern technologies. The materials of the class hour (thematic lesson) “Moscow is a smart city” introduce students to the prospects for the development of the capital in the coming decades.
The material can be used when conducting a class hour (thematic lesson/s) for students in grades 9–11.
Lesson option [PDF ] [DOCX ]
Presentation [PDF ] [PPTX ]
Student assignments (worksheet) [PDF ] [DOCX ]
Target: familiarizing students with the prospects for the development of Moscow as an information metropolis in the context of the Smart City program.
Tasks:
- fostering a responsible attitude towards choosing one’s own future and the future of the capital;
- developing the ability to express one’s point of view in a reasoned manner;
- formation of a culture of an active resident of the capital.
Worksheet (task no. 1)
Predict what will be discussed in class.
The Russian capital must reach a new level of development of electronic services. To replace the state program ending this year “ Information city» on behalf of the Moscow Mayor, a Program is being developed "Smart city"».
Go to official website of the Moscow Mayor.
Using the tips on the slide, enter the term “Smart City” into the search bar.
Exercise. Explore the search results. Analyze the titles of news articles.
Who is this project addressed to? Who is most interested in it? What does the term "Smart City" mean?
Worksheet (task no. 2)
Worksheet (task no. 3)
* The worksheet presents two options for task No. 3. Option 1 is performed if students have access to the Internet, option 2 - if they do not have access.
Worksheet (task no. 4)
* The worksheet contains two options for task No. 4.
Option 1. Read the materials posted on the official website of the Moscow Mayor by clicking on the link “How a smart city works.” What do you think the implementation of the Smart City Program will give to Muscovites? Tell us about your personal experience of using communication resources (opportunities) in Moscow.
Option 2. Look video clip"How a smart city works." Name the main directions of implementation of the Smart City Program. What do you think the implementation of the Smart City Program will give to Muscovites? Tell us about your personal experience of using communication resources (opportunities) in Moscow.
Select one of the options.
Until the end of June 2018, a discussion of the Draft Strategy “Smart City 2030” is taking place in Moscow. The main document will be finalized taking into account all comments from citizens and the business community.
Worksheet (task no. 5)
Check out the infographic “Moscow – a digital city”.
Worksheet (task no. 6)
Could the authors of stories about the future of the capital in 1914 imagine the changes that the Smart City Program is preparing for our city?
Worksheet (task no. 7)
Like all development strategies, the Smart City Program, along with its benefits, also has obvious risks.
Worksheet (task no. 8)
The Smart City program assumes that citizens who are ready to accept the new look of the capital will participate in it and use its achievements.
Worksheet (task no. 9)
What resources are needed to implement the Smart City program? How do international experts see the future of Moscow?
Worksheet (task no. 10)
Let's summarize our lesson.
Complete the sentence:
The Smart City program will allow Moscow to become a modern, convenient, ___________, ____________, ______________ city.
“SMART CITY” SAINT PETERSBURG Presentation prepared by Students group No. 237332/0001 Belousova, Polyakova, Tatarenkova, Timofeeva 02/12/2018
Introduction “Smart City” is an urban planning concept for integrating several information and communication technologies and the Internet of Things for managing city property. The goal of creating a smart city is to improve the quality of life using urban informatics technology to improve service efficiency and meet the needs of residents.
In April 2017, the Governor of St. Petersburg G. S. Poltavchenko launched the city innovation program “Smart St. Petersburg”, aimed at ensuring a high quality of life for the population and sustainable development of the city by radically improving the quality of management of city resources using ICT and increasing the efficiency of interaction between citizens, business representatives and government authorities. 12.02.2018
The Smart St. Petersburg project office is a working group created to initiate the priority St. Petersburg program. St. Petersburg “Smart St. Petersburg”, aimed at achieving the goals defined by the Strategy for the Economic and Social Development of St. Petersburg for the period until 2030.
Functional areas of Smart City projects Smart Energy - smart energy meters - end-use management - electric transport infrastructure - integration of distributed generation - cogeneration renewable generation - intelligent transport systems - payment systems for using infrastructure - smart parking
Functional areas of Smart City projects Smart Transport - smart parking - information alerts for citizens - low-emission vehicles - green public transport - smart water meters - leak detection and mitigation - emergency management - innovative cleaning methods
Functional areas of Smart City projects Smart City Environment - smart video surveillance and security - smart lighting - smart waste management - urban planning and land use management - efficient hospitals - social services
Functional areas of Smart City projects Smart Home - smart applications and IT services - energy-efficient building design - energy-efficient restoration of old buildings - integrated automation - remote control of buildings and apartments - smart appliances
What is available in the city of St. Petersburg from the Smart City system? Housing and communal services with intelligence It is the Northern capital that is called by many a leader in the field of “smart housing and communal services”. This happened thanks to the existence in the city of an established automation system for water, heat and electricity supply networks. According to experts, smart technologies in housing and communal services can reduce tariffs for citizens by approximately 30% only by adjusting thermal systems
What is available in the city of St. Petersburg from the Smart City system? In the Petrograd region, they introduced a system for monitoring the work of wipers based on location-determining trackers. Among the objectives of the project are to determine the boundaries of cleaning the territory, the route of the worker and the time spent on clearing the territory, as well as synchronizing the work of people and cleaning equipment. Already the first experiment of implementing trackers, the increase in cleaning efficiency exceeded 30%.
What is available in the city of St. Petersburg from the Smart City system? Telecom infrastructure One of the most important components of any “smart city” is the presence of a developed telecom infrastructure. For example, the development of such a socially significant area as city video surveillance has made it possible to provide all 18 districts of the city with video cameras over the past three years. And if all these cameras are combined into one network that can track a person without literally letting him out of the frame, then it will be possible not only to find criminals, but also to prevent the crimes themselves
What is available in the city of St. Petersburg from the Smart City system? Medicine Over the past year, a personal account and patient index have been introduced in St. Petersburg, and the ability to view laboratory test data has appeared on the doctor’s portal. The practicality of medical information systems is complemented by a significant economic effect from their implementation.
What is available in the city of St. Petersburg from the Smart City system? WHSD The roads of St. Petersburg have also become quite “smart” and will continue to “smarter” in the future. One example of the implementation of smart technologies is the Western High-Speed Diameter (WHSD), and in particular the toll system on this highway. Paying in cash took too much time; traffic jams formed at the entrances and exits to the WHSD, and not only those who paid in cash, but also those with transponders—contactless payment means—could not get through.
What is available in the city of St. Petersburg from the Smart City system? Additional difficulties arose due to drivers who stood in the wrong lane without understanding the rules of travel. Then the WHSD administration tried to increase the number of transponders for users. The driver information system has changed, lanes for travel using transponders have been added, and additional travel discounts have been provided. As a result, the majority of road users switched to using transponders, and traffic jams during peak hours at a number of toll points have significantly decreased.
What is available in the city of St. Petersburg from the Smart City system? Wifi In St. Petersburg, active work is underway in this direction, including with the support of the city. “On May 30, 2017, a free Wi-Fi network became available for the first time in the St. Petersburg metro on the Pravoberezhnaya Line. On all other lines, commissioning work will be carried out before the end of 2017. As in other Maxima networks. Telecom" uses a common identification system that does not require re-authorization for previously registered users.
What is available in the city of St. Petersburg from the Smart City system? Ecology Among the important implemented measures on urban ecology in St. Petersburg are German developments in innovation in the field of waste, sewerage and sanitation of industrial production. The construction of the Northern sewer collector in St. Petersburg has been completed. The latter project contributed to the gradual closure of 76 direct wastewater outlets into the Neva.
What is available in the city of St. Petersburg from the Smart City system? Since its full launch, according to Vodokanal of St. Petersburg, more than 98% of wastewater in the city has been treated: in one hour, about 240 thousand cubic meters are pumped out of the river and distributed to nine stations serving different areas of the city. However, one third of the city’s water supply network is still assessed as worn out, which affects the quality of drinking water consumption by the population. Its composition, according to doctors, is ultra-fresh and needs to be enriched with microelements.
Development prospects Starting in 2018: Reconstruction of large municipalities will begin (their list is not reported). They will introduce digital technologies for managing energy and water resources. Requirements for remote health monitoring will be introduced; In 2019: Pilots on smart parking were launched in 10 cities (including St. Petersburg), and pilots on the use of Maa were launched in 5 cities. S.
Development prospects In 2020: Standard requirements for informatization of public transport have been introduced; There is a requirement for public authorities to use BIM technologies; In 2021: Pilots for the implementation of transport modeling were launched; 40% of all real estate projects under construction are built using BIM technologies; Intellectual property protection centers and technology parks have been created with the support of city administrations.
Development prospects In 2022: A package of smart city standards has been approved at the national level. And in 2024: Public transport will become unmanned; Most processes related to documentation occur using remote devices and are in electronic form; A digital platform for “smart” cities has been introduced. The Internet will be used to manage the city. Government decisions will be discussed on electronic platforms
Conclusion Thanks to the development of a “smart” city, the value of human labor and its innovative activities will increase; human productivity through the use of robots and artificial intelligence will become high, this can lead to the development of large individual production; the cost of goods will decrease due to increased productivity and efficiency, through the use of robotics and artificial intelligence; Transport communications and logistics will become simpler and cheaper.
List of sources used “St. Petersburg as a Smart City”. » Expert "North-West", July 2017 Article "Intellectual Cities". b. d. http: //www. tadviser. ru/index. php/ Article: Intelligent_cities.
